2. Sickle cell disease is caused by a recessive allele. Individuals with two recessive alleles usuallydie of sickle cell disease before reaching reproductive age. However, individuals with only onerecessive allele show few of the symptoms of the disease. The frequency of the sickle cellgene seems to be highest in populations of central Africa, a region where malaria is common.a) Do heterozygous individuals have a survival advantage over homozygous individuals in thisregion? Why?b) Do you think the frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher or lower in Canada ascompared to Africa? Explain your answer fully.

Erythrocytes (also known as RBCs) make up the majority of the blood's produced constituents. The…

Answered: Sickle cell disease is caused by a…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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1. The frequency of a recessive disease is 9%. What is the frequency of the allele that causes s the disease? a) What is the frequency of the dominant allele? b) What is the frequency of the carriers (heterozygotes) of the disease?
6. In a population of interest, 1 in 4000 women are affected with haemophilia A, an X-linked recessive condition. Assuming this population is mating randomly and available treatments mean haemophilia does not affect individual fitness. a) What is the carrier frequency in this population for Haemophilia A? b) What is the expected frequency of men affected with Haemophilia A?
5.) A man and a woman living in a tropical area where malaria is prevalent and health care is not accessible have seven children during their lifetime. The genotypes of their children are: ss, Ss, SS, ss, Ss, Ss, and SS. What must the genotypes of both parents be? Your answer should include a Punnett square to illustrate your work, and list all the genotypes and phenotypes.
2. Having a "Widow's Peak" is a recessive trait. If both parents are heterozygous for the "Widows Peak gene. A) What are the genotypes and phenotypes of each parent? B) What are the chances that their children will have a "Widow's Peak"? (MA CAM) M 7 Chance that Nidars Pa their children ulihave the 3. Pattern baldness is a recessive sex-linked trait. Jake has a full head of hair. His wife Jeannie is heterozygous for the pattern baldness gene. A) What is Jeannie's phenotype? Why? B) What are the chances that their children will have pattern baldness? S
27. Which of the following statements best explains the prevalence and geographic distribution of sickle cell anemia allele (HbS). The homozygotes for normal hemoglobin protein are always at an advantage in all environments. Homozygous recessive individuals are selected for in malarial environments. Heterozygous individuals are at a selective advantage in malarial environments. Sickle cell anemia is found in high frequencies only among West Africans and their descendants. none of the above.
5. Sickle cell anemia is a genetically inherited autosomal recessive trait in which results in a condition that there are not enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body due to the production of red blood cells that are sickle shaped. The frequency of the sickle cell condition is as high as 10% in Central Africa compared to 0.5% in the United States. (a) Calculate the frequency of the normal and carries of the sickle cell condition. (b) (b) Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite that infects healthy red blood cells and can lead to death. However, the parasite is not able to infect sickle cell red blood cells. Scientists claim that the higher frequency of sickle cell carriers is due to the presence of malaria. Provide reasoning to support the claim.
9. (4) Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. If the frequency of sickle cell anemia in Hispanic Americans is 1 in 16,300 and the population is mating randomly for the sickle cell gene, what proportion of the Hispanic American population consists of heterozygous carriers of the CF allele?
17.Dierentiate between the following: a)dominant and recessive b)gene and allele c)homozygous and heterozygous
Background information for problem #5 In humans there is a gene that controls formation of hemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells {RBC's} that is responsible for carrying oxygen to the tissues of the body). The normal allele of this gene codes for normal hemoglobin. However, there is another allele for this gene that contains a mutation in the DNA and the resulting hemoglobin protein is defective. An RBC with this defective hemoglobin will, under stress, crystallize within the cell and cause a characteristic sickle shape. While the letters S and s are often used to represent these alleles, in reality neither is dominant to the other (codominant). Someone who is SS makes all normal hemoglobin, someone who is ss makes all abnormal hemoglobin (someone who has sickle-cell anemia), and someone who is Ss essentially has two sets of instructions (and so makes some of each kind of hemoglobin; often referred to as sickle-cell trait). Because the RBC's of a person who is ss contain all…
6. Hemophilia causes severe bleeding from minor wounds. The blood is unable to clot properly because one of the factors necessary for clotting is missing. Hemophilia is an inherited sex-linked recessive disorder transmitted on the X chromosome by mothers to their sons. i) A woman inherited the gene for hemophilia from her mother and marries a man who iş normal and has no hemophilia. What is the possibility that her children can have hemophilia?
2) On the soap opera “The Young and the Restless”, several individuals suffer from a rapid aging syndrome in which a young child is sent off to boarding school and returns three months later an angry teenager. Victims have been known to age up to two decades in variations of the disorder. In the Newman family, siblings Nicholas and Victoria aged from ages six and eight to sixteen and eighteen within a few months. Their parents, Victor and Nikki, are not affected; in fact, they never seem to age at all. A. What is the mode of inheritance of the rapid aging disorder affecting Nicholas and Victoria? B. Explain your reasoning:
3. Red-green color blindness (b) is a recessive sex-linked trait. A colorblind male marries a normal female. Their daughter is colorblind. a)What are the genotypes of both parents and the daughter? b) Can a colorblind father have daughters who are not colorblind? Explain.

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