Semaphores: Select all of the following statements that are true. Semaphores can be used to synchronize operations between processes. The P () and V () operations on semaphores can be interrupted. 28°C Clear The values of binary semaphores are restricted to 0 and 1. When accessing the queue of a semaphore, the FIFO principle should be preferred to the LIFO principle to prevent starvation. Counting semaphores are used to place an upper bound on concurrent access to a shared resources. HH
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- Monitors: Select all of the following statements that are true. A process enters a monitor by calling one of its procedures. Only one process may be active in a monitor at any given time. When the "Signal and Continue" approach (Mesa semantics) is applied, the signaling process P is placed on the Urgent Queue. F2 Monitors can be implemented using semaphores. The Mesa semantics lends to an efficient implementation of a monitor and reduces the number of context switches. 3 F3 # F4 $ 4 F5 % 5 F6 A 6 F7 8 & 7 F8 8 F9 prt sc F10 9 home F11 end F12 insert 7:15 Pa 10/17/202 deleteYou are required to make changes in the above programs and introduce the use of compaction where required. Write code to simulate Worst-Fit Algorithm TASK2: DESCRIPTION One of the simplest methods for memory allocation is to divide memory into several fixed-sized partitions. Each partition may contain exactly one process. In this multiple-partition method, when a partition is free, a process is selected from the input queue and is loaded into the free partition. When the process terminates, the partition becomes available for another process. The operating system keeps a table indicating which parts of memory are available and which are occupied. Finally, when a process arrives and needs memory, a memory section large enough for this process is provided. When it is time to load or swap a process into main memory, and if there is more than one free block of memory of sufficient size, then the operating system must decide which free block to allocate. Best-fit strategy chooses the block…You are required to make changes in the above programs and introduce the use of compaction where required. Write code to simulate Worst-Fit Algorithm TASK2: DESCRIPTION One of the simplest methods for memory allocation is to divide memory into several fixed-sized partitions. Each partition may contain exactly one process. In this multiple-partition method, when a partition is free, a process is selected from the input queue and is loaded into the free partition. When the process terminates, the partition becomes available for another process. The operating system keeps a table indicating which parts of memory are available and which are occupied. Finally, when a process arrives and needs memory, a memory section large enough for this process is provided. When it is time to load or swap a process into main memory, and if there is more than one free block of memory of sufficient size, then the operating system must decide which free block to allocate. Best-fit strategy chooses the block…
- What is the purpose of a print queue, and how does it manage print jobs?class PrintManager def initialize @queue = Queue.new end def queue_print_job (document) @queue. enqueue (document) end def run # Each time this Loop runs, we read the document # at the front of the queue: while @queue.read #We dequeue the document and print it: print (@queue.dequeue) end end private end def print (document) # Code to run the actual printer goes here. # For demo purposes, we'll print to the terminal: puts document end We can then utilize this class as follows: print_manager PrintManager.new print_manager.queue_print_job("First Document") print_manager.queue_print_job ( "Second Document") print_manager.queue_print_job("Third Document") print_manager.runPart I: Counting Semaphore struct semaphore int count: queoetype queue void semkait (semaphore a) .count-- if (s.count < 0) I /* place this process in a.queue /: /* block this process /: void sensignal (semaphore s) s.count++; if (s.count< 0) /* remove a process P from s.queue / /* place process P on ready 1ist /: Figura t.Asope.oogastutued.coutog.serophaeatostes. Part II: Binary Semaphore struct binary_semaphore enum (zero, one) value; queueType queue; void semkaitl (binary_semaphore s) if (a.value - one) s.value - zero else /* place this process in s.queue /1 /* block this process /: void sensignalB(semaphore s) if (a.queue is enpty ()) S.value- one else /* remove a process P from s.queue */ /* place process P on ready list "/; Figura.2.Asiopie.oogamstuctuedobay.seaosatotices 2. Based on Figures 1 and 2, which semaphore structure is easier to implement and why?
- Part II: Binary Semaphore struct binary_semaphore enum (zero, one} value; queueType queue; void semwaitB (binary_semaphore s) if (s.value -- one) s.value - zero; else { /* place this process in s.queue */; /* block this process */: void semsignalB (semaphore s) if (s.queue is empty ()) s.value - one; else { /* remove a process P from s.queue /* place process P on ready list */; Figure 2. A simple program structure of binary semaphore primitives. Questions: 3. Briefly explain the purpose of the semWaitB and semSignalB functions in Figure 2. 4. Based on Figures 1 and 2, which semaphore structure is easier to implement and why?Q/ In java language Create a Queue (capacity of 10 Students) of 6 different students according to their ID number De-queue one students and En-queue two Students by displaying their Front and Rear Values.Part II: Binary Semaphore struct binary_senaphore enum (zero, one) value; queueType quaue; void senklaite (binary_semaphore s1 if (8.value -- one) - 2aro; a.value else /* place this process in s.queue /: /* block this process */ void sensignalB(senaphore sl if (8. queue is enpty (1) a.value - one else i /* remova a process P from s- queue */: * place process P on ready 1ist */: Figure 2. A simple program structure of binary semaphore primitives. Questions: 3. Briefly explain the purpose of the semWaitB and semsignalB functions in Figure 2. 4. Based on Figures 1 and 2, which semaphore structure is easier to implement and why?
- StackGuard is a tool for detecting buffer overflows. It modifies the compiler to place a known(pseudo)random number (a canary) on the stack just before the return address when a function is called. Additional code is added so that, just before the function returns, it pops the canary and compares it to the value thatwas placed upon the stack. If the two differ, StackGuard asserts a buffer overflow has occurred, and invokes anerror handler to terminate the program. How effective is this approach at stopping stack-based buffer overflows?Under what conditions might it fail?void pop()// Pre: size() > 0.// Post: The highest priority item has been removed from the// p_queue. (If several items have the equal priority,// then the implementation may decide which one to remove.)// void p_queue::pop() { cerr << "pop() not implemented yet" << endl; }Monitors: Select all of the following statements that are true. Only one process can be active in the monitor at a time. The Urgent Queue stores suspended processes that are waiting on a specific condition. When the "Signal and Continue"-approach (Mesa semantics) is applied, the signaling process P is placed on the Urgent Queue. A process enters the monitor by calling one of its monitor procedures. The Mesa semantics leads to a more efficient implementation and reduces the number of context switches. Monitors and semaphores are equally powerful from a theoretical point of view.