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- Question 13 The absence of a sigma factor will never initiate transcription. A True B) FalseQuestion 14 Some transcription factors need to bind to the DNA directly and others to the enzyme to recruit it to the site of initiation. A) True B FalseQuestion 1 In prokaryotes, the sigma factor recognizes base sequences in the which facilitates RNA polymerase binding and initiates RNA synthesis. A operator B promoter c) regulatory sequence D) enhancer
- Question 29 studies both the gene transcription and translation products and its modified form of proteins O Genomics O Metabolomics O Proteomics O all of theseQuestion 2 The discovery of the DNA structure started the modern era of biotechnology. A) True B FalseQuestion 43 The addition of restriction endonucleases in the cloning process is done following the ligation with DNA ligase. A) True B) False
- Question 12 The "natural" function of restriction endonucleases is to A help bacteriophages infect cells. B) regulate gene expression from specific promoters. protect bacterial cells which have them. D) remove chromatin from histones.QUESTION 48 Identify the best match between the mutation description and term. a. Synonymous mutation: has the potential to cause large changes in transcription and subsequence amino acid sequence due to reading frameshifts b. Nonsense mutation: causes a drastic change in phenotype because the change causes a premature stop in the amino acid sequence c. Indel: a change in the DNA that changes the codon code from one amino acid to another amino acid d. Missense mutation: results in a change in single nucleotide from a purine to another purine or a pyrimidine to another pyrimidine but does not change the amino acid sequenceQuestion 24 In prokaryotes, the sigma factor recognizes base sequences in the which facilitates RNA polymerase binding and initiates RNA synthesis. A) enhancer B) regulatory sequence c) promoter D) operator
- Question 33 RNA polymerase IlI: A is located in the nucleoplasm and transcribes the protein-encoding genes through mRNAs. B transcribes tRNA genes and protein transport genes. c) transcribes the 55 RNA genes. D) transcribes RNA genes associated with TRNA processing.Question 47 (a) Use the following figure to determine the changes to the amino acids that correspond to the normal and mutated DNA sequences. Normal DNA sequence: 3 CAT TCA AAC ATT 5 Mutated DNA sequence: 3 CAT AGT GAG GTC 5 (Hint: Write the mRNA first, then identify the amino acids.) (b) What type of mutation is shown? First base of codon U C A G U UUU UUC UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG AUU AUC AUA AUG GUU GUC GUA GUG UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA Met ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG Phe -Leu Leu lle Second base of codon A C Val -Ser Pro Thr Ala UAUTYT туг UAC UAA UAG CAU CAC CAA CAG. His Gin AAU AAC Asn AAA GAUT GAC GAA GAG Asp G AAGLYS AGG. GGU GGC GGA GGG Glu UGU UGC UGA UGG CGU CGC CGA CGG Bys A Trp G U C -Arg AGU AGC AGA аса за Ser Arg U C Gly AG A U C A G U C A G Third base of codonQuestion 4 Contains codons: O messenger RNA O transfer RNA O DNA Previous