Prepare a 250-mL buffer with pH = 4.40 from solid reagents benzoic acid (C6H5COOH; M = 122.123 g mol) and sodium benzoate (C,H5COONA; M = 144.105 g mol). The pKa for potassium dihydro- gen phosphate is 4.202. а. Write the balanced equation showing the equilibrium of the buffer solution. Calculate the concentration ratio of benzoate to benzoic acid using the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation. b. С. Determine the amounts (in mol) of C6H5COOH and C,H5COONA required to prepare the buffer.

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Precipitation Titration

Precipitation analysis is used to analyze drugs, and to measure the salt content in food and beverages. It is an important concept from the examination point of view many practical questions are asked on the topic. This topic is significant in the professional exams for both undergraduate and graduate courses, especially for