One of the treatments for sickle cell anemia is hydroxyurea, which is known to induce the expression and production of fetal hemoglobin through a poorly defined mechanism. Explain how the increased expression of fetal hemoglobin can be a useful treatment for sickle cell anemia.
Q: When human hemoglobin undergoes a mutation, the mutant protein usually does not replace all of the…
A: The cytosol of red blood cells contains the oxygen-carrying globular protein hemoglobin, which is…
Q: The enzyme useful in the treatment of leukemia is which of the following? a. alpha-chymotrypsin b.…
A: Leukemia is the cancer of blood and bone marrow. It begins in the developing blood cells in the bone…
Q: What does the fact that the two histograms overlap as much asthey do indicate about the extent to…
A: Introduction PCSK-9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9) is newly discovered serine…
Q: The gamma and beta subunits that make up fetal and adult hemoglobin, respectively, differ in a…
A: BPG is 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, which produced in the respiring tissue as a byproduct of glucose…
Q: Explain why in cells that are genetically NF1–/–, basal levels of GTP-bound activated Ras are higher…
A: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a typical hereditary problem portrayed by various neurofibromas,…
Q: Compared to maternal hemoglobin (HbA), fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has:
A: Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is found in fetal red blood cells. The composition of fetal hemoglobin…
Q: Compared to adult Hb (HbA), fetal Hb (HbF) has one less histidine in the central cavity where BPG…
A: Humans have both Hb A and Hb F hemoglobin which are present in adult and fetal life respectively.…
Q: True or False: An individual with sickle-cell anemia is caused by a missense mutation.
A: Missense mutation is a type of genetic alteration in which a single base pair substitution alter…
Q: Determine the reason due to which it is possible that the translation of a single mitochondrial…
A: Given that tRNAs are impacted by numerous clinical mitochondrial illnesses brought on by mutations…
Q: Explain how expression of a dominant-negative mutant of JAK blocks the erythropoietin (Epo)-cytokine…
A: Cytokine receptors include the receptor proteins for cytokines and some hormones.
Q: In the blood coagulation pathway, several proenzymes are activated by unique proteolytic cleavage…
A: Blood Coagulation is a series through which the blood clotting enzymes are activated in order to…
Q: I read that vinyl chloride exposure is associated with an increased risk of a rare form of liver…
A: Cancer is the condition of uncontrolled cell division.
Q: The production of arginine is terminated by the presence of excess arginine. State which phenomenon…
A: Every biological system needs a check otherwise excess of anything produced in the body can lead to…
Q: A mutation in the promoter region of the gene for the beta-globin can cause betathalassemia, a…
A: Transcription is the synthesizing of RNA from DNA. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes are transcribed…
Q: What are some possible social and ethical issues associated with mitochondrial replacement therapy…
A: Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is the replacement of mitochondria in one or more cells to…
Q: Describe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function using haemoglobin as…
A: A missense mutation may be a mistake within the DNA which ends up within the wrong aminoalkanoic…
Q: Describe the steps of TH2 activation in 2- 3 paragraph
A: CD4 T helper cells are the major contributors in the adaptive immune system. They were first…
Q: The proximal histidine residues have been replaced by glycine residues by mutation of the cloned…
A: Given in question Proximal histidine is replaced with Glycine in cloned genes, The introduction of…
Q: Why mutant HTT protein affects a large number ofcellular processes ?
A: Cellular processes is defined as the complex activity of various biological molecules in term of…
Q: Explain the relationship between the variable number of tandem repeats in the insulin promoter…
A: Autoimmune diabetes is also called type 1 diabetes mellitus. This type of diabetes mellitus is…
Q: Mice and humans with inactivating mutations in the gene encoding activation-induced cytidine…
A: IgM is described as a class of immunoglobulin. It displays its function by serving as the first line…
Q: is sickle-cell anemia life-threatening? if Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder of homozygous…
A: Red blood cells in sickle-cell anaemia, an autosomal recessive condition, take on this morphology.…
Q: Given below is the electrophoretic profile of 2 proteins, a normal hemoglobin, HbA and the fetal…
A: Protein electrophoresis is a method that separates proteins based on their size and the electrical…
Q: The DNA located inside of mitochondria exhibits approximately ten times the mutation rate seen in…
A: Mitochondria is a double membrane-bound cell organelle that is used to generate ATP molecules…
Q: here is a benign congenital condition called Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin (HPFH) in…
A: Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin is the condition when there is still fetal hemoglobin…
Q: a. What are the major symptoms of sickle-cell anemia? b. Describe two other features of this…
A: What are the major symptoms of sickle-cell anemia? Virtually all of the most important symptoms of…
Q: Sickle cell anemia is caused by— a mutation in a cell surface receptor. malfunction of…
A: Sickle cell Disease or SCD is one of the blood diseases that are usually inherited. The most…
Q: What type of mutation is sickle cell anemia? Explain the molecular basis of sickle cell anemia.
A: Sickle cell anemia is an abnormal condition that arises due to the mutation in the beta-globin chain…
Q: For the following diseases, describe the best technique for diagnosing them. Please make sure you…
A: Factor V Leiden is a mutated form of blood clotting factor V. Blood clotting factors are proteins…
Q: what happens if mutation has occurred in the Lac Z gene that results in the formation of no…
A: Answer: Lca Z is a protein in Lac operon which codes for beta-galactosidase, in the metabolism of…
Q: What is the allosteric effect on O2 binding to the second subunit of hemoglobin after the first…
A: Haemoglobin can bind hydrogen ion, oxygen molecule and carbon dioxide to itself. All these bindings…
Q: Briefly explain how heme regulates the expression of globin genes in cells that synthesize…
A: Hemoglobin synthesis are global production and heme synthesis. Globin chain production occurs in the…
Q: Is there non-functional leukopoiesis in Leukemoid Reaction
A: Answer: Leucocytes or leukocytes are the cells found in blood which are responsible for protecting…
Q: Would the following alterations to Src be oncogenic? Explain. (a) The deletion or inactivation of…
A: Src is a protooncogene.
Q: A particular type of anemia in humans, called b-thalassemia,results from a severe reduction or…
A: A disease is a state of unhealthiness of the physical body, mind and social interaction. A disease…
Q: Which glucose transporter is affected by the increased AKT signaling in tumor cells?
A: Tumour cells have a high metabolic turnover. Hence they need high amounts of glucose to sustain high…
Q: Fetal hemoglobin binds to BPG to a lesser extent than does HbA because His 143 in the BPG binding…
A: RBCs contain hemoglobin, the protein that transports oxygen from the lungs to our organs. The adult…
Q: Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder of individuals homozygous for a mutation of hemoglobin that…
A: Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal disease in which the red blood cells become sickle-shaped. In…
Q: Because of oxygen and nutrient requirements, cells in a tissue must reside within 100 μm of a blood…
A: Mammalian cells require nutrients and oxygen to survive, so they are found within 100 to 200 mm of…
Q: Heterozygotes for erythropoietic protoporphyria show only 20 to 30% residual ferrochelatase activity…
A: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a disease that is inherited and may happen when there is a…
Q: Muckle–Wells syndrome is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease due to mutations in NLRP3.…
A: Muckle-wells syndrome is the disorder characterized by periodic episodes of fever, skin rash and…
Q: How can a single nucleotide insertion in the beta globin gene generate a phenotypic change in the…
A: Thanks For Your Question. INTRODUCTION: Hemoglobin present in the RBC help in Oxygen transport from…
Q: Why is sickle-cell anemia life-threatening
A: Introduction Genetic disorders are those that are inherited from the parents to the next generation.…
Q: What do mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of the LDL receptor that cause familial…
A: Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disease that runs in families. It raises LDL (bad)…
Q: To study the chemical properties of the blood hemoglobin of a vertebrate, it might seem convenient…
A: The haemoglobin is a special iron based protein present in vertebrates which help in the transport…
Q: In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers…
A: In Sickle cell disease , one amino acid is changed due to point mutation. so that the structure of…
Q: The enzyme asparaginase is used to reduce the level of asparagine in blood in the treatment of…
A: According to Michaelis Menton kinetics of enzyme, Km is substrate concentration at half Vmax where…
One of the treatments for sickle cell anemia is hydroxyurea, which is known to induce the expression and production of fetal hemoglobin through a poorly defined mechanism. Explain how the increased expression of fetal hemoglobin can be a useful treatment for sickle cell anemia.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Explain why the gene for sickle cell anemia may be beneficial to humans at some point. Describe these conditions.Why is sickle-cell anemia life-threatening? if Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder of homozygous for a mutation of hemoglobin that causes their red blood cells to be sickle shaped and stiff under conditions of low pO2.please help me I can't find answers for these questions: here is the link for the article https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/2805cancer.html What type of substances are angiostatin and endostatin and where are they produced? What do they do? A) describe the experiments using cow bones to discover anti-angiogenic substances. Why was this used as a source of these potential proteins? B) describe the “accidental” discovery of a novel antiangiogenic substance because of lab contamination?
- Describe the genetic and molecular basis of sickle-cell anemia.What is the Rhesus factor? Explain the complications that may arise from blood incompatibilities.Which of the following models best represents this statement: "Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the structure and function of hemoglobin in the red blood cell."
- Describe two mutations that are associated with the development of leukaemia and how these two mutations are detectedWhat is the direct cause of sicklecell anemia (think primary structure)?A genetic variant of the HBB gene results in sickle cell anemia, a disorder than primarily affects people of Sub-Saharan African descent, including many black Americans. Sickle cell anemia is named after the shape of the red blood cells in individuals with this disorder. The diseased genetic variant in the HBB gene results in a malformed hemoglobin protein, which is responsible for the shape of the red blood cell. Patients diagnosed with this disorder often exhibit a variety of symptoms, such as episodes of pain, swelling of hands and feet, delayed growth, and vision problems amongst others. The malformed hemoglobin protein is an example of the relationship between genes and traits at the: molecular level. population level. cellular level. organism level.
- What are the causes of thrombophilia? Describe the laboratory tests that are used to confirm the molecular cause of the condition in a patient.Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder of individuals homozygous for a mutation of hemoglobin that causes their red blood cells to be sickle shaped and stiff under conditions of low pO2. Why is this disease life threatening?What is the molecular basis for the difference in the electrophoretic pattern between normal hemoglobin A and hemoglobin S?