Nursing Sources of infecting microorganisms vary. Briefly describe with the help of an example how the following sources of microorganisms cause infection. Persons who are carriers, e.g. asymptomatic carriers: Persons in the incubation phase of the disease: People who are acutely ill:
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- Which link in the chain of infection is the intervention described below meant to break? "Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces daily in household common areas (e.g. tables, hard-backed chairs, doorknobs, light switches, phones, tablets, touch screens, remote controls, keyboards, handles, desks, toilets, sinks) In the bedroom/bathroom dedicated for an ill person: consider reducing cleaning frequency to as-needed (e.g., soiled items and surfaces) to avoid unnecessary contact with the ill person.!" (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting- sick/cleaning-disinfection.html) Means of transmission Portal of entry O Infectious agent O Susceptible hostDescribe each type of infection in the following list and include the mode of transmission in each scenario. Use terms such as primary, secondary, healthcare-associated, STI, mixed, latent, toxemia, chronic, zoonotic, asymptomatic, local, and systemic to describe the types of infections (more than one term may apply, some may not apply to these conditions) 1) The development of Pneumocystisis pneumonia in an AIDS patientDefine each of the following terms related to describing/categorizing infectious diseases: Communicable Focal Infection Incubation Period Occurrence Opportunistic Pathogen Pathology Prevalence Secondary Infection Septicemia Zoonotic
- A.) The difference between direct and indirect contact infection? Example B.) Name methods for breaking down transmission routesDescribe the diagnostic procedure or procedures (molecular or immunologic) that would be appropriate for: Presence of Histoplasma fungal antigens in a patient’s serumA person has recovered after being infected with a pathogen, however they continue to harbor the pathogen and spread it to others, such as Typhoid Mary, is a(n) O 1) Noninfectious carrier 2) Chronic carrier 3) asymptomatic carrier O 4) Convalescent carrier
- identify one type of pathogen or infectious agent. Describe ways to prevent the spread of the diseases this type of pathogen can cause and explain why these preventative measures are important.Sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis) Mode of Transmission: Hallmark of Infection: Drug of Choice: American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) Mode of Transmission: Hallmark of Infection: Drug of Choice:Describe each of the following infections using correct technicalterminology. (Descriptions may fit more than one category.) Useterms such as primary, secondary, nosocomial, STD, mixed, latent,toxemia, chronic, zoonotic, asymptomatic, local, systemic, -itis, -emia.Caused by needlestick in dental officePneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS patientBubonic plague from rat flea biteDiphtheriaUndiagnosed chlamydiosisAcute necrotizing gingivitisSyphilis of long durationLarge numbers of gram-negative rods in the bloodA boil on the back of the neckAn inflammation of the meninges
- Describe the difference between the terms INFECTION and DISEASE. Starting with exposure to pathogens, describe IN DETAIL the steps involved in the infection process ( exposure, adherence, invasion and multiplication) as well as the disease process( Toxicity, invasiveness, tissue or system damage)Discuss the following virulence factors: collagenase, hemolysin, siderophore. For each, explain the molecules involved, the pathogen-host interaction, and name a species and disease associated with each factor.Explain what is meant by systemic infection and localised infection giving examples from practice of both terms