Normally, the [Select] of our brain is primarily in control of our minds. This is where rational thought and decision making resides. But under stress, this region is inhibited and we instead make more emotionally-based decisions due to the stimulation of our [Select] [Select] amygdala frontal lobe hypothalmus parietal lobe
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- The hypothalamus is a significant part of our brain that is responsible for more than one function. Please explain in detail, using appropriate examples, the role that the hypothalamus plays in our body.Circulating glucocorticoids (e.g. cortisol) can inhibit the activity of the HPA axis via the negative feedback loop working on the Hippocampus Amygdala Limbic cortex Thalamus O All of the aboveSympathetic innervation can have pro- and anti- inflammatory effects. Which of the following statements does not support this suggestion relative to a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). O Mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor were less susceptible to this experimental IBD Catecholamines acting on alpha2-adrenoreceptors led to proinflammatory (IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) production worsening the IBD in mice Mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor were more susceptible to this experimental IBD
- Which of the statements about neurotransmitters given below is incorrect? О а. Orexin-producing cells in the locus querulous of the pons activate many different areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum, and the pons and medulla as well. b. Blocking acetylcholine appears to reduce arousal levels, while procedures designed to increase acetylcholine production increase signs of arousal. Acetylcholine increases the general arousal of the cortex O C. Research has shown that Seratonin cells are most active during waking and decrease during sleep. In addition, serotonin seems to facilitate automatic behaviors such as chewing, pacing, or grooming.Is the hippocampus necessary for all types of memory? (Hint: At first, it migl V[Choose ] Single-Cell Neurophysiology Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Lesion Studies appear that there are 2 methods that could be used to address this question. The important distinction is that the hippocampus is a deep structure, and one of the two methods will not be abl Electroencephalography (EEG) Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) Electrocorticography (ECOG) to reach this deep structure.) How does the firing rate of neurons in the hippocampus change, depending ol whether the animal is placed in a familiar or a new environment? Which part(s) of the brain show [ Choose ] decreased gray matter volume in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to healthy, age-matched controls? Is activity in the right Superior Parietal Cortex necessary to tap to a musical…Long-term stress and sleep deprivation is associated with memory loss and negative thoughts.Subjects in a research study were shown images after they received either a full night’s rest or limited rest. The subjects were shown negative, positive, and neutral images. The subjects with limited rest remembered most of the negative images but only half of the positive and neutral images.The structures of the brain affected by long-term stress and sleep deprivation are, respectively: Select one: a. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Temporal lobe Frontal lobe b. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Temporal lobe Parietal lobe c. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Frontal lobe Occipital lobe d. Long-Term Stress Sleep Deprivation Frontal lobe Parietal lobe
- Which of the following occurs in Huntington's disease? The cells of the substantia nigra die and no longer release dopamine The dopaminergic inputs into the striatum degenerate The frontal cortex is less excited overall The striatum increases inhibition of the globus pallidus internal segment (GPi) GABAergic inputs into the globus pallidus external segment (GPe) degenerateDiseases of the Nervous System Motor disorder caused by the death of dopamine- [ Choose ] secreting neurons in the midbrain. Characterized by tremors, slow movements, and rigidity. Disease in which people have a persistent lack of [ Choose ] interest or pleasure; may be typified by manic and depressive phases [Choose ] Immune system eats away at the myelin sheaths on Depression nerve cells Multiple Sclerosis Parkinsons Mental deterioration characterized by confusion and memory loss. Caused by the formation of plaques in the brain. Alzheimers Schizophrenia Characterized by hallucinations, delusions, multiple [ Choose ] personalities, possible genetic linkagesWhat is the significance of the portal venous system between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland (known as the hypophyseal portal system)? What is the relationship between these two brain structures in terms of flow and direction of communication?
- Which of the following could be used to describe the parasympathetic nervous system? Select all that apply. Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers. O long preganglionic, short postganglionic fibers. Known to be active during "rest and digest" responses. Stimulates ciliary muscles of the eye, which makes the lens bulge for close vision. O Active during "fight or flight" responses. increases heart rate « Previous NextNervous system functions that directly employ acetylcholine neurotransmitters are referred to as cholinergic. Drugs that might be therapeutic in treating the symptoms of dopamine loss in Parkinson’s disease could include multiple choice 1 dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic agonists. dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic agonists. 2. From the information provided, drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease symptoms will act at which location? multiple choice 2 The globus pallidus The substantia nigra The striatum 3. Which of the following might be therapeutic in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease symptoms? multiple choice 3 all of these choices listed may be therapeutic increasing dopamine receptor responsiveness monoamine oxidase inhibition increasing dopamine release decreasing dopamine…Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/basalnuclei1) to learn about the basal nuclei (also known as the basal ganglia), which have two pathways that process information within the cerebrum. As shown in this video, the direct pathway is the shorter pathway through the system that results in increased activity in the cerebral cortex and increased motor activity. The direct pathway is described as resulting in disinhibition of the thalamus. What does disinhibition mean? What are the two neurons doing individually to cause this?