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- Why is the product only methyl 3-nitrobenzoate? Hint: why does nitration occur in the meta position only?An organic chemistry experiment involves a nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction using 1-iodobutane and 2-naphthoxide ion. The 2-naphthoxide ion is generated from 2-naphthol and sodium hydroxide in an ethanol solvent. The experiment includes steps like generating the nucleophile, conducting the SN2 reaction, and analyzing the product using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Question: Write the structure of the undesired side product if CH3CH2O‾ (ethoxide) reacts with 1-iodobutane.Several reagents and several organic structures are shown below. Construct a multistep synthetic route from the reactant 2-methyl-1-butene to the product 3-bromo-2-methyl-2-butanol by dragging the appropriate pieces into the bins. Note that each bin will hold only one item, and not every given reagent or structure will be used.
- This reaction does not follow the expected theory. Given what you know about substitution/elimination, what is the expected mechanism this reaction should follow? Suggest why that is not what happens and give the actual product of the reaction. Br ткон sElectrophilic aromatic substitutions proceed in two stages. 1. Attack of the aromatic ring on the electrophile. 2. Regeneration of the stable aromatic system by loss of a positively charged unit, usually a proton. Br Br₂/FeBr3 Draw one resonance structure for the intermediate formed when the electrophile is attacked by benzene in the reaction above. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading.Electrophilic aromatic substitutions proceed in two stages. 1. Attack of the aromatic ring on the electrophile. 2. Regeneration of the stable aromatic system by loss of a positively charged unit, usually a proton. Br Br₂/FeBr3 Draw one resonance structure for the intermediate formed when the electrophile is attacked by benzene in the reaction above. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. (+) ChemDoodleⓇ
- Alcohols are acidic in nature. Therefore, a strong base can abstract the acidic hydrogen atom of the alcohol in a process known as deprotonation. The alcohol forms an alkoxide ion by losing the proton attached to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl ( -OH) group. The alkoxide formed can act as a base or a nucleophile depending on the substrate and reaction conditions. However, not all bases can abstract the acidic proton of alcohols and not all alcohols easily lose the proton. Deprotonation depends on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Strong bases, such as NaNH2, can easily abstract a proton from almost all alcohols. Likewise, more acidic alcohols lose a proton more easily. Determine which of the following reactions would undergo deprotonation based on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Check all that apply. ► View Available Hint(s) CH3CH,OH + NH3 →CH,CH,O-NH CH3 CH3 H3C-C-H+NH3 → H3 C-C-H OH O-NH CH3CH2OH + NaNH, → CH3CH,O-Na* + NH3 CHC12 Cl₂…3) Any compound or ion with at least one lone pair can be considered a base and/or a nucleophile. The relative basicity and nucleophilicity of the species is one of the most important factors that determine the mechanism of a reaction on sp³-carbon atoms. Please show an example of a) a reagent that is a strong nucleophile and a strong base, b) a reagent that is a weak nucleophile and a strong base, c) a reagent that is a strong nucleophile and a weak base, d) a reagent that is a weak nucleophile and a weak base. Which nitrogen atom in the structure below is most nucleophilic? Please explain by discussing the electron density around each nitrogen atom. Show at least three resonance structures of the compound. N.3. Propose a reasonable mechanism for the reaction. Remember to: 1) Draw out the Lewis structure 2) Use arrows to indicate electron flow, clearly identifying the bond making and bond breaking steps. 3) Propose reasonable intermediates for the reaction conditions. Hint: One of the intermediates is a "dienol" which leads to an interesting tautomerization. For practice include the tautomerization in your mechanism. (Ph= phenyl = C6Hs) Ph 4. a. b. C. d. OH + H₂O H,CO. f. Ph cat. H₂SO4 For the reactions below, choose an appropriate reagent for the transformation. HO HICO. Reagent OH S HO Reagent + CO₂ Reagent Reagent Reagent H Ph Reagent -Ph
- Review topics] [References) 1. CI NaOH NH2 NaCI H20 2. OH NAHCO3 12 H20 CO2 Nal a = Proton transfer d = Electrophilic addition g = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution b = Lewis acid/base c = Radical chain substitution e = El Elimination h = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution f= E2 Elimination Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - i for your answers. 1. 2. Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining nswerThe reaction below is known as the haloform reaction. Why do only methyl ketones form a haloform? Explain using both chemical structures and words.Which reaction or statement regarding nucleophilic substitutions is incorrect? A) C₁ + 2 H2O ноттон + 2 HCI B) ta CI+MeOH to + HCI C) D) The rate-limiting step in SN1 reactions is the initial step, loss of the leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reactions that follow second-order kinetics involve complete inversion of configuration.