Name the complexes of the ETC, electron donor, and determine the number of H+ ions that are pumped in each complexes
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In the electron transport chain, electrons are transferred to enzyme complexes. Name the complexes of the ETC, electron donor, and determine the number of H+ ions that are pumped in each complexes
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- Explain why some of the molecules are positioned away from the diagonal in the graph given below. What kind of processes are involved in this phenomenon? Moreover, explain differences and similarities between H-ATPases and H-PPases.Arrange the sequence of events in Oxidative Phosphorylation. (1-5) As the H+ ions move through the ATP synthase it'll provide the power to make the ATP synthase to turn. As it turns, a phosphate group is added to an ADP, forming a proton gradient-energy as ATP. With the help of a channel protein called ATP synthase, these H* ions are transferred back to the matrix. The electrons are passed to another electron carrier called cytochrome C (cyt C), which carries the = electrons to enzyme complex IV. Here, the last batch of H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. Enzyme complexes I and Il then transport the electrons through ubiquinone (Q), a mobile electron carrier. Q is reduced to QH, in the process and delivers the electrons to enzyme complex III. As this happens, more H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. The NADH and FADH2 produced from the previous stages of cellular respiration bring electrons across the transport chain to initiate the oxidative phosphorylation.Models such as the one shown in the illustration below are often used to represent the electron transport chain. Explain why this model is well-suited to this concept. Explain why metabolic processes such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis require a multi-stage release of energy, rather than a one-step reaction
- Complete the following diagram, using arrows to show the flow of electrons, for this reaction catalyzed by GAP dehydrogenase. Draw how the enzyme pocket appears as the reaction is completed. Indicate the product (if any). NAD+ ÇHOPO он СysIdentify the missing words in the below description about electron transport chain. Word bank: ATP synthase, electrons, glycolysis, oxidation-reduction, oxidoreductases, protons, proton motive force, TCA cycle, Question: NADH and FADH2 generated from and donate their high energy the first electron acceptor molecule on the ETC. The electron then flow through a series of electron accepting molecules via repeated reaction, releasing some energy at each step. The released energy is captured by the membrane-bound (where the e-accepting molecules are in) and used to pump creating a proton concentration gradient (higher outside of the cell, lower inside the cell) known as the cell via the proton channel on the membrane, the energy is used by the enzyme RH Glycolysis NDH-1 NADH+H TCA cycle 4H¹ 4H Electron transfer is coupled to pumping H* ions. 2H NAD + 2H* Quinone pool Quinols carry electrons to another ETS complex pumping H* ions. 2H* Wan SIGH 2H 2H* ½20₂ + 2H* Cyt bo to generate ATP from…The formation of ATP by ATP Synthase is part of a coupled reaction, as discussed in class. Given the information below and using what you know about ATP Synthase and the proton motive force, calculate the overall AG and determine if the coupled reaction is favorable overall. Note that you do not need to worry about intermediates like we did for the class example. ADP + Pi → ATP has a AG = 7.3 kcal/mol 2 moles of protons traveling back down their gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane has a AG = -10.28 kcal/mol %3D O a. Overall AG = -17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overall O b. Overall AG = -2.98 kcal/mol, favorable overall %3D O c. Overall AG = 2.98 kcal/mol, unfavorable overall O d. Overall AG = 17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overall
- Give all the reactions that will produce ATP either by substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) or by oxidative phosphorylation (OP). If the given require a shuttle system, please indicate both MA shuttle and GP shuttle and give the ATP produced. Given: glucose 6-phosphate to 2succinly CoAConsider the function of the cofactor FAD. Which of the following makes it unique (different) from NAD+? Select all that apply. Operates as part of an enzyme and is not a mobile electron carrier In its fully reduced state, carries 2 electrons Involved in electron transfers as part of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity O Facilitates single electron transfersDescribe the location of ATP synthase in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. How they are different and where the protons are pumped?
- Cyanide poisoning inhibits aerobic respiration at cytochrome c oxidase. Which of the following is NOT a result of cyanide poisoning at the cellular level? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e Oxygen is reduced to water The rate of glycolysis increases Cells are forced to switch to anaerobic respiration The electron transport chain is not completed None of the above Answered K Open in Reading View ✔PosubmitFor the electron transport chain, draw the structure of the intermediate metabolite and write the name of the enzyme that catalyzes each step.Explain briefly (in less than 100 words) how ATP synthase works. Show and explain the structure and function of and the difference between the two protein domains (Fo and F1) of the enzyme.