Mr. XYZ is a 60-year old man recently diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease attributable to his uncontrolled Stage 2 hypertension. Which of the following clinical parameters was likely determined to compute for Glomerular Filtration Rate of Mr.XYZ? serum albumin serum creatinine Blood Urea Nitrogen urine creatinine O hemoglobin urine albumin
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- In reviewing the patient’s current information, a concern exists that acute kidney injury has developed. Select to highlight the laboratory information that would support this concern.UrinalysisCasts - +++Cola-color to urineProteinuriaBlood ValuesRBC - 3.9 cells/L (4.0-4.9 cells/L)Hgb 10 g/dL (12-16 g/dL)Hct-40% (37%-48%)WBC 11.0 cells/L (4.0-10.0 cells/L)Platelets - 140 cells/L (150-450 cells/L)Sodium - 140 mEq/L (135-145 mEq/L)Potassium - 4.5 mEq/L (3.5-5.2 mEq/L)BUN - 32 mg/dL (5-20 mg/dL)Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL (0.5-1.5 mg/dL)Blood Glucose - 180 mg/dL (nonfasting) (<200 mg/dL)AST-40 Units/mL (5-40 Units/mL)ALT - 30 Units/mL (5-35 Units/mL)Bilirubin (total)- 0.8 mg/dL (<1.0 mg/dL)Albumin - 4.0 (3.5-5.5 g/dL)PT-22 (11.5-14 seconds)In renal tubular failure, serum levels of B2 microglobulin are decreased and urine levels are increased. True or FalseBased on the renal statements below, please choose the correct answer 1. GFR Krx Net filtration pressure x MAP 2. Net filtration pressure is determined by glomerular capillary blood pressure, glomerular colloid osmotic pressure, and Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure 3. Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure is physiologically regulated by altering smooth muscle cells resulting in the constriction or dilation of the proximal convoluted tubule 4. Glomerular colloid osmotic pressure is physiologically regulated by altering the slit membranes, allowing or not allowing the movement of plasma proteins into Bowman's capsule space 5. Glomerular capillary blood pressure is physiologically regulated by constricting or dilating the proximal convoluted tubule 6. Ky cannot be physiologically regulated Statements 1, 2, and 6 are FRUE Statements 1, 3, 4, and 5 are TRUE Statements 1, 2, 3, and 4 are TRUE Statements 3, 4, 5 and 6 are TRUE All are TRUE Statement 2 is TRUE 000000
- Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False IgA nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis, where polymeric IgA deposition causes glomerular membrane damage and can be examined by a kidney biopsy These lab tests can be required for diagnosing anemia: serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, vit B12, folate, and iron levelsA 4 year old child was admitted for vomiting and diarrhea. Has oliguria. Metabolic profile revealed an elevated serum urea. All other meaured parameters were within normal limits. A calculated urea to creatinine ratio was elevated. Urine color is dark yellow and specific gravity is 1.035. No biochemical abnormalities were identified in urine. 1. Does this child have renal dysfunction? 2. What condition(s) do these results suggest?24) Male,22 years old, found swelling of both lower extremities and eyelids for more than 4 months. PE: BP145/90 mmHg, urine protein++,urine red blood cells++/HP. The diagnosis is most likely() A Acute nephritis B Chronic Nephritis C Nephrotic syndrome D Rapidly progressive nephritis E Hypertensive nephropathy
- Atrial natriuretic peptide has been found to Group of answer choices 1. inhibit sodium reabsorption by the collecting ducts. 2. increase the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus. 3. decrease sodium secretion and increase blood pressure. 4. be produced by the adrenal cortex. 5. constrict afferent arterioles, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate.Urinalysis demonstration [Video]. YouTube. Available at https://youtu.be/H0-EMmG3arc Answer the following questions: a. What happens with untreated UTI’s? b. What complications are there, if any, from only using herbal treatments? c. What percentage of males vs. females suffer from UTI’s?Hypertension is often a symptom of urinary system diseases and disorders. Explain why this is so.
- In kidney failure, dialysis may be necessary. Define dialysis.Mrs. Bigda, a 60-year old woman, was brought to the hospital after falling to the pavement. You are doing the initial screening at the hospital, and note that she has suffered from nausea, fatigue, and memory loss. She has a history of chronic hypertension and diabetes. Blood testing was performed. The preliminary diagnosis provided by other members of your team was late-stage glomerulonephritis and she may have to undergo dialysis. Explain the normal filtration process and why hypertension can complicate this process.What is the Pharmacists Role in Managing the Disease: Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5 Secondary to Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis