Many lethal genetic disorders such as CF, Huntington’s, sickle cell anemia, Tay Sach’s, etc., persist in the human genome. How have these genes survived so many millennia of evolution (why didn’t they die out)?
Q: All the cells of one organisms share the genome. However, during development, some cells develop…
A: Genome refers to the complete genetic compliment comprised in an organism specific cell, tissue, or…
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A: Bacteria is a prokaryotic organism that do not contain any membrane bound cell organelles. They have…
Q: in 2000, the human genome was triumphantly released as a reference genome with approximately 8%…
A: Epigenetics: The study of how cells regulate gene activity without modifying the DNA sequence is…
Q: What is the downside of artificial selection as a form of genetic engineering? What is its upside?
A: Genetic engineering is a technique of gene manipulation where the gene with desirable traits is…
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A: Gene duplication is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during…
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A: Mutation Mutation is either natural or artificial process causes change in DNA sequence.
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A: Mutations are sudden heritable changes that occur throughout Nature. Often mutations can make…
Q: How does the mutation related to the traits including diseases that are being inherited by the…
A: The mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence's base pairs, which can be spontaneous or…
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A: Introduction The concept of race describes how people were categorised based on their race. The…
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A: The human genome project was an internation collaboration towards mapping and sequencing the entire…
Q: Why is a silent mutation ignored by natural selection?
A: Mutation The changes in the sequence of gene or DNA either by addition or deletion of base pairs…
Q: What is the Human Genome Project (HGP)?
A: “Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
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A: Cloning may help preserve those species, which are endangered today but it should not be a process…
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A: Gene families are a cluster of genes that arose from the common ancestral globin gene. There are…
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A: A gene is a segment of a DNA molecule, but DNA fragments smaller than a gene may exist. The DNA of a…
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A: Genetic engineering handles genetic materials from multiple living organisms and utilizes molecular…
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A: If their _functions_ are similar (or, more narrowly, if they share a common function of interest),…
Q: Which statement about genome evolution is false? Mutations at the ends of introns are less…
A: Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics
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A: Since we are so complicated, no one field can truly "understand" us. So, let's examine some of the…
Q: if one base pair of DNA weighs 650 kDA, how much does the entire human genome with 3.3x109 weigh?
A: Disclaimer: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you…
Q: The human genome holds an extraordinary amount of information about human development, medicine, and…
A: The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA in cell…
Q: Suppose that life exists elsewhere in the universe. All life must contain some type of genetic…
A: a genome is the genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). Each…
Q: A mutation occurs in one of your lung cells. Which of the following is most likely true? Group of…
A: Gene is the sequence of nucleotides that encode a protein.
Q: Which of the following statements about mutation is correct? -Changing one nucleotide is a…
A: Changing one nucleotide is mutation, but duplication of entire gene is not. Is correct
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A: It is notable that the main driving force of evolution in any populace are mutation, natural…
Q: In 2003, the Human Genome Project was successfully completed, determining the exact sequence of the…
A: The Human Genome Project was an international scientific research project which efforts to determine…
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Q: The human genome holds an extraordinary amount of information about human development, medicine, and…
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A: Genome or genetic material of an individual is the whole set of genes present in the chromosomes of…
Q: Which of the following statements explains genetic variation? Genetic variation arises ____.…
A: Gene is the foremost or basic unit of hereditary.
Q: Our DNA is subject to mutations on a daily basis. Why do most mutations that occur in the genome of…
A: Introduction Mutation Is A Changes In The Genome, When A DNA Gene Is Destroyed Or Mutated In Such A…
Q: Which of the following subdisciplines of genetics focuses on how genes control cellular activities?…
A: Gene is the unit of heredity. Genes are passed on from one generation to the next and codes for the…
Q: Given our knowledge of genome sizes in different organisms, would you predict that Homo sapiens or…
A: The hereditary material that transfers from one generation to another present in the nucleus of the…
Q: The human genome holds an extraordinary amount of information about human development, medicine, and…
A: Introduction There are various methods of sequencing present today. However, during the initial days…
Q: You are discussing with some of your bio major friends who have not taken Genetics and your non-bio…
A: The mutation is an alteration of the sequence of the genome. SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms)…
Q: about the human genome? (Select ALL that are true) The human genome contains 23 pairs of…
A: Genome may be defined as the complete set of chromosomes in any individual.
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A: Programmable control of gene expression is essential to understanding gene function, engineering…
Q: Comparative genome analysis of Modern human, Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes by Joshua Akey and…
A: Comparative genome analysis of Modern human, Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes by Joshua Akey and…
Q: Which of the following best describes genome wide association study? genomes of diseased and healthy…
A: Genome wide association study is used in genetic research. It associates genetic variations related…
Q: For each of the following examples, discuss whether the observed result is due to neutral mutations…
A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…
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A: The mutations occur less frequently in functionally limited parts of the genome. The number of…
Q: Why is mutations almost always neutral or harmful? If this is true, why are mutations nevertheless…
A: mutations are any chanage in the nucleotide sequence in genetic material of an organism . gene is…
Q: Most scientists consider the Human Genome Project (HGP) to be the most significant scientific…
A: A genome is the complete collection of deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) for an organism, a chemical…
Q: describe four basic molecular genetic processes. What is a duration of these processes in an…
A: The central dogma of life comprises three major processes. They are: DNA replication Transcription…
Q: Do you think the human race is continuing to evolve in a Darwinian, genetic sense? Are the genes of…
A: Darwin suggested the survival of fittest and natural selection criteria for evolution. Thus…
Q: Bacteria have an enormous ability to adapt to new conditions. Which two of the following are they…
A: Adaptation may be defined as ' the modification in the organization or physiology of organisms which…
Q: Why are model organisms so useful in genetics research? Choose one model organism and explain an…
A: Model organism is a non human species that is extensively studied by various experiments to…
Q: Why are mutations crucial for evolution? Mutations in germline cells that affect large parts of the…
A: The mutation is the fundamental cause of all variation. Natural selection and genetic drift are…
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A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the structural unit of a gene. The nucleotide sequence of a gene…
Q: What causes evolutionary (genetic) change?
A: Evolution is the gradual accumulation of variations in the existing organisms leading to the…
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- When the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in human cells than there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?Original DNA Sequence: TACAC CTTGG CGACGACT... MRNA Sequence: Amino Acid Sequence: Mutated DNA Sequence #5 TACACCTT G G GACGACT... (Highlight the change) What's the mRNA sequence? What will be the amino acid sequence? Will there likely be effects? What type of mutation is this? 1. Which type of mutation is responsible for new variations of a trait? 2. Which type of mutation does not result in an abnormal amino acid sequence? 3. Which type of mutation stops the translation of an mRNA molecule? NO
- One unexpected result of the sequencing of the human genome was the finding that mutations in a single gene can be responsible for multiple distinct disorders. How do you think mutations in a single gene can have such diverse effects?What are the big differences between eukaryotic (nuclear) and prokaryotic genomes? How do prokaryotic genomes compare to the genomes found in eukaryotic organelles? Why?Clearly, all humans have variations in their DNA sequences. How is it possible to sequence the human genome if every individual is unique? How was the diversity of the human genome addressed?
- Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas other mutations have no significant effects on protein structure and function. Please explain reasons for the above mentioned statement. Human civilization has resulted in a large number of potentially mutagenic chemicals (e.g. pesticides) and has changed the environment to increase the likelihood of encountering other mutagens, especially UV radiation. What roles should the authorities play in identifying mutagens and regulating their release into the environment?. The physicist Stephen Hawking, famous for his theories about black holes, has lived past the age of 70 withamyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a paralyzing neurodegenerative disease that is usually fatal at a muchyounger age. Recently, geneticists discovered that amajor cause of ALS is the unusual expansion of ahexanucleotide repeat (5′-GGGGCC-3′) that lieswithin a gene called C9ORF72, at a location outside ofthe gene’s open reading frame (ORF). A single expanded allele is sufficient to cause ALS, but the reasonthe disease allele is dominant remains unclear. Someexperimental results support the theory that the allelemakes a toxic RNA containing the expanded repeat. Ifthis theory is correct, in what ways is the mutant ALScausing allele similar to the mutant allele that causesHuntington disease? In what ways is it similar to themutant allele that causes fragile X syndrome?Mutations within the genes for ARSs, are known to be cause certain human maladies, such as the neurodegenerative disorder Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease along with other central nervous system dysfunctions, and cancer. Interestingly, not all those who possess mutations within specific ARS genes do not display the disease phenotype. Provide at least one reason why a person might survive. Remember, do not just name a concept. Describe the concept and then explain WHY (on a molecular level) this explanation holds true.
- Why do scientists want to sequence the human genome?The human genome has been sequenced, but we stilldon’t have an accurate count of the number of genes.Why not?In 2003, the Human Genome Project was successfully completed, determining the exact sequence of the entire human genome, which is made up of 3 billion nucleotide base pairs. The data generated from the Human Genome Project is freely available online to anyone. Many pieces of research and innovations stemmed from the HGP, allowing the identifications of 1 800 disease genes. Many of the corporations using the results from the HGP are privately funded, and research is being done for profit even though the HGP results are provided freely. State one advantage and one disadvantage of corporate funding and patenting genetic research results.