Looking at the present, the evolutionary relationships between extant species can be seen in the presence of body parts sharing a common basic design. These structures called (1) descended from a common ancestor. Sometimes, structures which no longer serve their original function are found in modern species. Write the answer for #1
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Looking at the present, the evolutionary relationships between extant species can be seen in the presence of body parts sharing a common basic design. These structures called (1) descended from a common ancestor. Sometimes, structures which no longer serve their original function are found in modern species. Write the answer for #1
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- human frog bat porpoise horse These vertebrates have the same basic arrangement of bones. Which row below identifies the term used, in an evolutionary sense, to describe the arrangement of bones and provides a correct definition for this term? The statement above is best completed by the answers in row: Row Term Definition analogous structures body parts that perform similar functions even though the organisms do not have a common evolutionary origin body parts that perform similar functions even though the organisms do not have a common evolutionary origin homologous structures homologous structures structures that have similar structural elements and origin but may have a different function analogous structures structures that have similar structural elements and origin but may have a different functionEvolution is the theory that species change over time. According to this theory, new species form from existing species through variation and natural selection. The evolutionary process is very slow and the transformation of one species into another requires thousands of years. Several evidences are used to prove evolution and somehow reconstruct how this process occur: 1.Fossil Records. 2.Homologous Body Structures. 3.Vestigial structures. 4.Similarity of embryo. 5.Geographical evidenceCLASSIFICATION AND EVOLUTION Caminalcules are imaginary animals invented by the evolutionary biologist Joseph Camin. In this lab exercise, you will construct an evolutionary tree of the Caminalcules using both the "living" species and the additional 57 "fossil" species. This illustrates how modern classification schemes attempt to reflect evolutionary history. In the process of doing this exercise you will be introduced to concepts such as convergent evolution and vestigial structures. The Phylogeny of Caminalcules Using a large sheet of paper or long size bond paper, construct a phylogenetic tree for the Caminalcules. Use a meter stick or ruler to draw 20 equally spaced horizontal lines on the paper. Each of the horizontal line will be used to indicate an interval of one million years. Label each line so that the one at the bottom of the paper represents an age of 19 million years and the top line represents the present (0 years). 1. Cut out all the Caminalcules (including the living…
- You have now studied three different types of anatomical structures. Homologous structures show individual variations on a common anatomical theme. These are seen in organisms that are closely related. 1. Give an example of a homologous structure from this activity: Analogous structures have very different anatomies but similar functions. These are seen in organismsthat are not necessarily closely related but live in similar environments and have similar adaptations. 2. Give an example of an analogous structure from this activity: Vestigial structures are anatomical remnants that were important in the organism's ancestors but are nolonger used in the same way. 3. Give an example of a vestigial structure from this activity:Help me pleaseWhich of the following pieces of evidence would best support the argument that humans are more evolutionarily related to fish than they are to insects? All these organisms require oxygen to survive. The earliest fish fossils are found in the lowest strata of sedimentary rocks, followed by insects, and then humans. The early stages of embryo development in fish and humans look strikingly similar while insects develop very differently compared to both fish and humans. Fossils of ancient fish and human ancestors have been discovered in the same sedimentary rock layers.
- Scientists make use of several parameters in order to determine and analyze evolutionary relationships that exist among living organisms. These parameters are also derived from the concrete pieces of evidence of evolution. To summ arize the valuable ideas in this module, make a conceptual table that can simply and clearly present the importance of these parameters in identifying the underpinning evolutionary relationships among organisms. Complete the following table below. PARAMETERS MECHANISMS BESTEXAMPLEUsing the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…
- What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? Describe how relative dating works. What does absolute dating do? Why is the element carbon-14 important for paleontologists? . Developmental Biology - Embryology Many scientists use what an organism looks like as an embryo, or embryology, as evidence for evolution. The embryos of most vertebrates look very similar and have similar structures. For example, fish, bird, rabbit, and human embryos are similar in appearance in early stages. They all have gill slits and a tail with muscles to move it. Later as the embryos develop, they become less and less similar. What does the study of embryology show when comparing most vertebrates?Structures in two different species may be similar because of either of two very different reasons. Describe these two reasons. You must use all four of the following terms in your explanation: homologous structures, analogous structures, convergent evolution, and divergent evolutionWhich statement is true? Fossils can provide information about when life forms existed. Fossils cannot provide information about life cycles and behaviors. Fossils cannot provide information about relatedness of life forms. Fossils can provide information about the entire evolutionary process of life forms.