It is typically sufficient to rupture cells when the solute concentration is reduced from 0.15M to 0.001M. Calculate what transmembrane pressure this would result in. Use that to access if the red blood cells would break. Yes or No? Compare to the transmembrane pressure when cells are in normal saline solution (0.91%NaCl) -> 0.156M(change unit to osM) Basically Calculate the transmembrane pressure when the solute concentration is reduced from 0.15M to 0.001M Determine if that transmembrane pressure would result in the breakage of red blood cells Calculate the transmembrane pressure when cells are in a normal saline solution and compare

It is typically sufficient to rupture cells when the solute concentration is reduced from 0.15M to 0.001M. Calculate what transmembrane pressure this would result in. Use that to access if the red blood cells would break. Yes or No? Compare to the transmembrane pressure when cells are in normal saline solution (0.91%NaCl) -> 0.156M(change unit to osM) Basically Calculate the transmembrane pressure when the solute concentration is reduced from 0.15M to 0.001M Determine if that transmembrane pressure would result in the breakage of red blood cells Calculate the transmembrane pressure when cells are in a normal saline solution and compare

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2SQE: One of the important uses of the Nernst equation is in describing the flow of ions across plasma...

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One of the important uses of the Nernst equation is in describing the flow of ions across plasma membranes. Ions move under the influence of two forces: the concentration gradient (given in electrical units by the Nernst equation) and the electrical gradient (given by the membrane voltage). This is summarized by Ohms law: Ix=Gx(VmEx) which describes the movement of ion x across the membrane. I is the current in amperes (A); G is the conductance, a measure of the permeability of x, in Siemens (S), which is I/V;Vm is the membrane voltage; and Ex is the equilibrium potential of ion x. Not only does this equation tell how large the current is, but it also tells what direction the current is flowing. By convention, a negative value of the current represents either a positive ion entering the cell or a negative ion leaving the cell. The opposite is true of a positive value of the current. a. Using the following information, calculate the magnitude of Na [ Na+ ]0=145mM,[ Na+ ]i=15mM,Gna+=1nS,Vm=70mV b. Is Na+ entering or leaving the cell? c. Is Na+ moving with or against the concentration gradient? Is it moving with or against the electrical gradient?
For most neurons, the extracellular concentration of chloride ions (Cl-) is 108 mM, whilethe intracellular concentration of Cl- is 5 mM.If the plasma membrane becomes more permeable to Cl-, would there be Clinflux or Cl- efflux at an RMP of -70 mV? Why?
You have a semi permeable membrane with a membrane potential of -90mV. You also have two ions that are both permeable to the membrane, Na and Cl. Na has a concentration of 10mM inside the membrane and 120mM outside the membrane. Cl has a concentration of 1.5mM inside the membrane and 77.5mM outside the membrane. Use the nernst equation to calculate the electrochemical equilibrium of both ions, and show in which direction the netflux would be for each ion.
The mixing of liquids is critical in microfluidic analytical systems and is often taking place in Y-shaped junctions as seen in Figure Q4b. The inlets are 50 μm wide and 50 µm high, and the outlet is 50 μm wide and 50 μm high. The aim of the device is to analyse IgG with a diffusion coefficient of 4-10 cm²-s¹. Determine the shortest length of the channel to ensure complete mixing when the flowrate in each of the inlet channels is 1 µl/h. [4] Inlet 1 50 µm Inlet 2 Select one: O a. 8.65mm O b. 3.47 mm O c. 112 pm O d. 5.34 mm 50 µm Outlet Figure Q4b. Schematic of a Y-shaped microfluidic device used for mixing two fluids.
The diffusion coefficient for potassium ions crossing a biological membrane 10 nm thick is 1.0 x 10-11 m2/s. What flow rate of potassium ions will move across an area of 100 nm x 100 nm if the concentration difference across the membrane is 0.5 mol/dm3.
Consider a solute having a permeability coefficient of 10-6 m s-1 for the plasma membrane of a cylindrical Chara cell that is 100 mm long and 1 mm in diameter. Assume that its concentration remains essentially uniform within the cell. Untitled Title A. How much time would it take for 90% of the solute to diffuse out into a large external solution initially devoid of that substance?* B. How much time would it take if diffusion occurred only at the two ends of the cell?* C. How would the times calculated in A and B change for 99% of the solute to diffuse out? D. How would the times change if Pj were 10-8 m s-1?*
if an object b has a plasma sodium concentration of 135mOsm/L and an intracellular concentration of 4mOsm/L. It also has a plasma concentration of potassium of 20mOsm/L and an intracellular concentration of 200mOsm/L. studies identify that the cells have a permeability to potassium that is 10 times greater than sodium. What is the resting membrane potential
If you made a hematocrit in two tubes. Tube A is made of 0.60M NaCl, and Tube B is made of 1.00M of NaCl, describe how the cell would respond in these solutions? Which would have a higher rate of osmosis? If the cell is permeable to NaCl, which would have a higher rate of diffusion?
Two to three drops of mouse blood samples were placed in three different vials containing 0.07 M NaCl,0.15 M NaCl, and 0.30 M NaCl. A drop from each of the three vials were obtained and put on a slide forobservation under HPO. The effects of the different osmotic concentrations on the cells are shown in figures in your worksheets. Label the cell membrane for each figure. Give a short description (size and cell shape) for each of the RBC samples on the space provided in your worksheet. Compare their appearances with RBCs in the blood smear. Use the following guide questions in providing descriptions for each item. Which preparation has cells that look similar as those in the blood smear? What does this indicate about the movement of water in the cells? In which solution do the cells appear differently from the normal RBCs? What part of the cell could have possibly controlled such movement of water? What is its property that allowed this movement?
The osmolarity of plasma is maintained at about 300 mOsM. What would the osmolarity inside a red blood cell need to be to maintain osmotic equilibrium between the intracellular fluid and plasma? Give one specific reason why it is important to maintain plasma omolarity within a narrow range of values.
A new 850 cm^2 membrane is being tested for use in a hemodialysis device. During testing, a model fluid mixture is used that contains solutes with average radii of 1 nm. In one test, the concentration of the filtrate is found to be 2.17 g/L, while the concentration on the feed-side surface is 8.52 g/L. Prior experimentation showed that the mass transfer coefficient in the device was approximately 9 × 10-4 cm/s. A) If the total filtration flow rate is measured to be 0.56 cm^3/s, what is the solute concentration in the feed solution? B) Explain how you could determine the average membrane pore radius for this membrane using this information.
Below find the structures for ibogaine and cocaine. Ibogaine and cocaine inhibit the dopamine active transporter (DAT). This transporter is a secondary active transporter, and depends on the primary active transporter Na+/K+ ATPase. Ibogaine had a Kι = 2 μM, and cocaine a Kι = 0.64 μM respectively. (a) Define secondary active transport. (b) Is ibogaine an effective treatment for cocaine based on DAT binding?