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Induced mutations
A. are a random change in the DNA arising from errors in replications
B. are a result of exposure to a mutagen
C. always have a positive effect on the organism
D. always have a negative effect on the organism
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- C. Two mutations are known in the population, one shaded in yellow and one in blue, shown on the TEMPLATE DNA sequence below. Ursula has a mutation in the yellow- shaded underlined nucleotide: instead of an A in this position, she has a T. 5' AATCATAACTCATTG 3' What type of mutation does Ursula have? Second position First position (5 000 0 UUU UUC phe UUA UUG COU leu CỰU CUC CUA COO CUG ADO AUU AUC ile nov AUA AUG met GUU GUC GUA GUG val UCU UCC UCA ser UCA UCG COU CCU cce CCC CCA pro CCA CCG ACU www ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG thr ala UAU tyr UAC UAA Stop UAG Stop CAU CAC his CAC CAA gin CAG AAU AAC asn AAC AAA lys AAG GAU GAC asp glu GAA GAG UGU UGC cys UGA Stop UGG trp CGU Missense Silent Nonsense Frameshift CGC CGA arg CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG Initiation Termination ser arg gly DUAG DUMU DUAU DUAG Third position (3-end)Intro. Medical microbiologists believe that overuse of antibiotics in animal feed may select for antibiotic resistant bacteria which subsequently can be passed on to humans, potentially causing infection by these antibiotic resistant bacteria. This is an example of : Biological evolution by natural selection O Enzymes which cause really high mutations rates in the bacterial DNA drugs acting as mutagens Phenotypic drift caused by random mutationsPart A. When a mutation arises, it can have three possible consequences for the individual: beneficial, selectively neutral, or detrimental. Order these from most likely to least likely. Part B: The spread of a mutation in subsequent generations will depend on its effect on individuals that inherit it. Re-order the three possibilities in part A to indicate which is most likely to spread and become overrepresented in subsequent generations, and which is most likely to become underrepresented or disappear from the population.
- . Usually, the deletion of a gene results in a recessive mutation. Explain how the deletion of an imprinted genecan be a dominant mutationDescribe the primary causes, types, and outcomes of mutations.Give an example of a mutation that is beneficial and one that islethal or harmful.Explain the possible repercussions to an organism, when a mutation occurs in the genome?
- Explain why harmful mutations tend to disappear, while beneficial mutations become widespread.Fill the Table with mutagenic agents and provide their type (physical, chemical, biological) and their classification based on their effect (teratogenic, carcinogenic, clastogenic, or non-specific), together with their modes of action. Mutagen Type of Mutagen Classification based on effect Action 2-aminopurine Acridine orange ProflavineWhich of the following statements best describes the effect of mutations in DNA? A Mutations result in changes that can be positive, be negative, or have no consequences B Mutations result in changes that always have negative consequences C Mutations result in changes that cannot be detected unless it is revealed by genetic screening D Mutations result in changes that have no consequences