In watermelons, bitter fruit (B) is dominant over sweet fruit (b), andyellow spots (S) are dominant over no spots (s). The genes for these two characteristics assort independently. A homozygous plant that has bitter fruit and yellow spots is crossed with a homozygous plant that has sweet fruit and no spots. The F1 are intercrossed to produce the F2. Q. If an F1 plant is backcrossed with the sweet, unspotted parent, what phenotypes and proportions are expected in the offspring?

Q: In cucumbers, orange fruit color (R) is dominant over cream fruit color (r). A cucumber plant…

A: Homozygous is the condition in which the two copies of alleles are same and codes for a particular…

Q: Two genes in tomatoes are 61 mu apart; normal fruit (F) is dominantto fasciated (flattened) fruit (…

A: Map distance is calculated by dividing the number of recombinant offspring with the total number of…

Q: In a test cross, an individual dominant for a certain trait ( whether homozygous or heterozygous is…

A: Test cross- It is tool to determine  whether the individual organism is homozygous or heterozygous .…

Q: In cucumbers, dull fruit (D) is dominant over glossy fruit (d), orange fruit (R) is dominant over…

A: According to Mendel's law of dominance, in a heterozygous condition, one gene (dominant gene)…

Q: Bateson and Punnett crossed two white-flowered lines and saw all purple flowers in the F1…

A: A pair of genes can often work together to create a specific genotype it is called complementary…

Q: picture shows the results of a cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant. Q. What…

A: Genes are the basic structural and functional unit of heredity. They carry coded genetic information…

Q: In watermelons, bitter fruit (B) is dominant over sweet fruit (b), and yellow spots (S) are dominant…

A: First we have to determine the genotype of the parents  Homozygous means they have same alleles for…

Q: were crossed. The F1 colored, full plants were crossed to a colorless and shrunken tester strain.…

A: Genes are not segregated independently because progeny is not in 1:1:1:1 ratio.

Q: In a monohybrid cross, a pea plant with purple flowers is crossed with a pea plant with white…

A: Alternative forms of a gene are known as the alleles. Usually in diploid organism two alleles are…

Q: A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are crossed and produce an intermediate, medium-red…

A: Given data : A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are crossed and produce an intermediate,…

Q: A diploid wheat cultivar resistant to brown rust (a common wheat disease) is crossed with a variety…

A: These genes can be explained by a dihybrid cross between selfing the F1 generation is resistant and…

Q: In watermelons, bitter fruit (B) is dominant over sweet fruit (b), andyellow spots (S) are dominant…

A: Step 1 According to Law or principle of Independent Assortment factors or alleles of different…

Q: Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants. What F, offspring…

A: Homozygous A zygote is formed by the fusion of 2 gametes having identical factors is called…

Q: In watermelons, bitter fruit (B) is dominant over sweet fruit (b), andyellow spots (S) are dominant…

A: Phenotypic ratio- it is the relative number of offsprings offering manifestation of a particular…

Q: Waxy endosperm (wx), shrunken endosperm (sh), and yellow seedlings (v) are encoded by three…

A: Always recombinant genotypes are less in number than the non-recombinant genotypes.   Hence, the…

Q: In cucumbers, dull fruit (D) is dominant over glossy fruit (d), orange fruit (R) is dominant over…

A: In cucumber, Dull fruit (D) is dominant over glossy fruit (d), Orange fruit (R) is dominant over…

Q: Two genes in tomatoes are 61 mu apart; normal fruit (F) isdominant to fasciated fruit (f ), and…

A: The given cross in tomatoes is between two genes for normal fruit (F) and fascinated fruit (f) and…

Q: Imagine you are performing a cross involving gerden pea plants. What F1 offspring would you expect…

A: Some important terms:  Homozygous state:  two same alleles for a gene, for example, AA( homozygous…

Q: In Bean plants two genes are defined below with the lower case letter indicating the recessive…

A: A test cross is when the f1 hybrid is crossed with its homozygous recessive parent.

Q: Tomato Plants In tomato plants, round fruit (R) is dominant to oval fruit (r). Pure breeding plants…

A: According to the concept of genetic linkage, when genes are far apart or on the different…

Q: In corn, purple kernels (P) are dominant over yellow kernels (p) and starchy kernels (Su) are…

A: A chi-squared test, also written as χ2 test, is a statistical hypothesis test that is valid to…

Q: In snapdragons, red flower color (R) is incompletely dominant over white flower color (r). The…

A: In incomplete dominance, a mixture of the alleles in the genotype is seen in the phenotype. Thus…

Q: Punnett square to determine the expected F2 progeny

A: The mendel's law of independent assortment states that  the alleles for one gene segregate…

Q: In cucumbers, orange fruit color (R) is dominant over cream fruit color (r). A cucumber plant…

A: Introduction  Gregor Mendel is known as Father of Genetics. He was the pioneer scientist who worked…

Q: A cross of 2 sweet pea plants with white flowers results in F1 plants with wild type purple flowers.…

A: Alleles are alternatives form of a gene that are located on the same locus of homologous chromosomes…

Q: In peas, round seed shape (R) is dominant to wrinkled seed shape () and yellow seed color (Y) is…

A: Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene that are located on the same locus of homologous…

Q: In corn, the allele Pr stands for green stems, pr for purple stems. A corn plant of genotype pr/pr…

A: Translocation is a type of change in the structure of a chromosome that may cause abnormalities.

Q: You are studying three linked genes in snapdragons. The flower color locus is in the center. There…

A: A test cross is a type of back cross in which an individual with an unknown genotype showing a…

Q: In cucumbers, orange fruit color (R) is dominant over cream fruit color (r). A cucumber plant…

A: Genes come in pairs and are responsible for the inheritance and expression of the associated…

Q: In the tomato, three genes are linked on the same chromosome. Tallis dominant to dwarf, skin that is…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology which deals with genes, heredity, and genome in the organism.…

Q: In cucumbers, dull fruit (D) is dominant over glossy fruit (d), orange fruit (R) is dominant over…

A: Genotype of plant with homozygous dull, orange fruit and bitter cotyledons is DDRRBB. The gamete…

Q: Many of the color varieties of summer squash are determined by two different interacting genes A and…

A: Epigenetics is non allelic interaction between alleles present at different gene locus.

Q: Tallness (T) in snapdragons is dominant to dwarfness (t), while red (R) flower color is dominant to…

A: Gregor Mendel was a geneticist that used plants in order to understand how genetics and inheritance…

Q: In cucumbers, orange fruit color (R) is dominant over cream fruit color (r). A cucumber plant…

A: The group of genes that an individual carries is the individual's genotype while the characters that…

Q: In a particular plant, two genes control leaf shape and color. Round leaves (R) are dominant to…

A: Answer: HOMOZYGOUS = These are the pairs of identical alleles.  HETEROZYGOUS = These are the pairs…

Q: Two genes of a flower, one controlling blue (B) versus white(b) petals and the other controlling…

A: When two genes linked on the same chromosome it is known as linkage. Here, F1 progeny is produced…

Q: The weight of a fruit in a certain variety of squash is varies. When a plant that produces 6-lb…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: In cucumbers, orange fruit color (R) is dominant over cream fruit color (r). A cucumber plant…

A: Homozygous trait refers  to a trait that produces same gametes and heterozygous is the trait that…

Q: In cucumbers, dull fruit (D) is dominant over glossy fruit (d), orange fruit (R) is dominant over…

A: A gene is a unit of hereditary and alleles are the alternative form of genes present on the locus.…

Q: Tomato Plants In tomato plants, round fruit (R) is dominant to oval fruit (r). Pure breeding plants…

A: In tomato plants, the round fruit shape is dominant over the oval fruit shape. The allele for round…

Q: Waxy endosperm (wx), shrunken endosperm (sh), and yellow seedling (v) are encoded by three recessive…

A: Recombination can be facilitated with modern DNA tools and genetic engineering. Genetic engineering…

Q: Determine the coefficient of coincidence and the interference for these three loci.

A: Coefficients of coencidence =0.530 Interference - 0.47

Q: In cats, the gene for calico (multicolored) cats is both sex-linked and codominant. Due to a…

A: Introduction: The X and Y chromosomes, two sex chromosomes, are responsible for determining sex in…

Q: A researcher crosses two tall plants, however, one quarter (1/4) of the offspring from this crossing…

A: Mendel was known as the father of genetics.  Mendel's inheritance gave certain laws of how traits…

Q: In the garden pea, orange pods (p) are recessive to green pods (P), and  sensitivity to pea mosaic…

A: A chi-square test is done to check the validity of a hypothesis.

Q: In tomatoes, regular leaves (L) are multilobed and serrated and potato leaves (l) are broad, smooth,…

A: We are authorized to answer only one question at a time, since you have not mentioned which question…

Q: In tomato plants, round fruit (R) is dominant to oval fruit (r). Pure breeding plants with red and…

A: 1. Punnett square is completeed to determine the expected test cross progeny on the basis of…

Q: In a unique species of plants, flowers may be yellow, blue, red, or mauve. All colors may be true…

A: When the plant with blue flowers crossed to the plant with red flowers, all the individuals of F1…

Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.