In some cases of ADD (attention deficit disorder) the impulsive, erratic behavior can be normalized with drugs that stimulate the central nervous system. Explain this finding in terms of neurotransmitter activity in the brain.

In some cases of ADD (attention deficit disorder) the impulsive, erratic behavior can be normalized with drugs that stimulate the central nervous system. Explain this finding in terms of neurotransmitter activity in the brain.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter18: Genetics Of Behavior

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13QP

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal…

A: In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal…

Q: Pick two neurotransmitters and discuss their effects.

A: Neurotransmitters are the group of chemical messengers synthesized by the nerve fibers of an…

Q: Discuss the activity, structures and chemicals of both the neural axon and receptor. And a…

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. It is the longest cell of all. STRUCTURE OF…

Q: If excitotoxicity is leading to neuronal death in various neurodegenerative diseases such as…

A: Glutamate excitotoxicity is one of the most important mechanisms known to trigger cell death in CNS…

Q: The neurotransmitter secreted at an adrenergic synapse is _____________.

A: Neurotransmitters are the biochemical messengers secreted from nerve cells used to transmit a…

Q: The blockade of which of the following receptors most likely mediated by nitrous oxide? a. 5-HT3…

A: The analgesic properties of Nitrous oxide N2O is attenuated by opiate receptor antagonists. The…

Q: Which of the following neurotransmitters would activate an adrenergic receptor? Acetylcholine…

A: The adrenoceptors or the adrenergic receptors refers to a class of G-protein coupled receptors,…

Q: .Neurotransmitter involved in bonding a. ADH b. CCK c. GABA d. Serotonin

A: Neurotransmitters are the body's chemical messengers. They are the molecules used by the nervous…

Q: Both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are cholinergic and secrete the…

A: The chemical messengers of the body are typically referred to as neurotransmitters. They are the…

Q: A nurse uses a whirlpool to relax a patient following intensephysical therapy to restore movement in…

A: Sense of pain is mediated by the nervous system. Neurons are the principal functional cells of the…

Q: Classify the following neurotransmitters as excitatory or inhibitory: Acetylcholine Serotonin…

A: Neurotransmitters are secondary chemicals used by the neurons use to communicate with one another…

Q: In schizophrenia, the neurons affected by dopamine are overstimulated. This condition is treated…

A: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter and is responsible to carry out many brain-related functions. Its…

Q: explain serotonin dopamine and gaba and its effects.

A: Serotonin, dopamine and gaba all are the neurotransmitters means all are chemical massengers of…

Q: Suppose you are walking alone at night when you hear a dog growling close behind you. Describe the…

A: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system are part of the autonomic…

Q: Prescription sleep aids, like Ambien, bind to inhibitory receptors onneurons. Explain how these…

A: The neuron is a basic functional unit of the nervous system and is the specialized cells of the…

Q: What is a common neurotransmitter? A. Acetylcholine B. GABA C. Serotonin D. All of the above

A: Neurotransmitters: These are endogenous chemicals. They are the chemical messenger that helps to…

Q: The rewarding or reinforcing effects of amphetamines, cocaine, and heroin have been associatedwith…

A: Introduction: The chemical curriers that share the information between the neurons and the cell are…

Q: What is the most abundant excitatory ionotropic neurotransmitter? A. Dopamine B. Serotonin C.…

A: The different body organs are accountable for performing specific functions. These organ systems…

Q: Serotonin (5-HT) abnormalities has been implicated as a possible biological factor underlying…

A: Serotonin also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine is a neurotransmitters made of amines. The major…

Q: Draw an ouline of the autonomic system and identify the neurotransmitters and receptors such as…

A: Neurotransmitters are frequently referred to as the chemical messengers of the body. They are the…

Q: True or False: Neurotransmitters have different shapes.

Q: A 58-year-old women suffering from insomnia a hypnotic drug that increases the activity of a major…

A: Insomnia is a sleep disorder caused due to stress, anxiety, mental illness or neurological problem.…

Q: Ordinarily, patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (who have damage to dopamine-releasing axons)…

A: *Individuals with persistent conditions, such as Parkinson's illness, will have their symptoms…

Q: Neurotransmitters are chemicals located and released in the brain to allow an impulse from one nerve…

A: The neurons are specialized cells, which have the ability to receive and transmit the electrical…

Q: Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs…

A: Seizure occurs due to prolonged depolarisation of epileptic neurons, which will activate voltage…

Q: Which of the following neurotransmitters does NOT have one NH2 unit in its structure? O serotonin O…

A: Neurotransmitters are specific molecules that are released from the presynaptic neuron and…

Q: When the parasympathetic system is stimulated, what neurotransmitter is released? a. Acetylcholine…

A: Peripheral nervous system consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves, 12 pairs of cranial nerves which…

Q: The reticular activating system is stimulated by all the following, except :-a- epinephrineb-…

A: The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located throughout the brainstem.…

Q: A molecule that interferes with the formation of CAMP would have no effect on an adrenergic synapse.…

A: cAMP It refers to cyclic adenosine monophosphate. It is a second messenger that is involved in the…

Q: Adrenergic receptor agonist/s: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Ephedrine Tamsulosin Neurotransmitter/s…

A: Adrenergic receptor are cell surface glycoproteins that recognise and selectively bind the…

Q: Reserpine causes symptoms by a. inhibiting the release of dopamine from the presynaptic neuron b.…

A: Dopamine is a catecholamine and phenethylamine, chemical family. Dopamine acts as a brain…

Q: If a neurotransmitter increases the likelihood that the postsynaptic cell will send an action…

A: Answer: Neurotransmitters are the chemical messenger present in the body, which transmits the…

Q: One of the first medications developed to treat Parkinson's disease is a substance called L-DOPA (or…

A: Parkinson's Disease- It is wel known commonest degenerative chronic disease which affects the basal…

Q: The parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are cholinergic, but the sympathetic postganglionic…

A: Introduction :- Neurotransmitters are frequently referred to as the chemical messengers of the body.…

Q: Which neurotransmitter is NOT a monoamine? Select one: O a. Dopamine O b. Serotonin Oc. Epinephrine…

A: 41.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers which are involved in the relay of the chemical…

Q: Epilepsy is the disesae. Which areas of the brain are affected by epilpesy? What type of…

A: Epilepsy is a central nervous system neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal,…

Q: An excitatory adrenergic synapse is associated with_____ acetylcholine norepinephrine GABA dopamine…

A: An excitatory adrenergic synapse is associated with norepinephrine

Q: Which of the following neurotransmitters is associatedwith inhibition exclusively?a. GABAb.…

A: Neurotransmitters are a type of chemical messengers, which transmit signals across a chemical…

Q: A neurotransmitter can have one of two effects on the postsynaptic neuron. If a neurotransmitter…

A: The nervous system is composed of neurons and neuroglia cells. Neuron is the major part of our…

Q: Neurotransmitter Glutamate GABA Acetylcholine (Ach) Dopamine General Function (a few words) Primary…

A: A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a…

Q: Which neurotransmitter is released by the somatic motor neurons, and what type of effect does it…

A: Nervous system is a system in the human body which plays very important role in maintaining…

Concept explainers

Emotions

Emotions are biologically based psychological conditions caused by neurophysiological changes which are linked to different factors such as thoughts, emotions, behavioral responses, and pleasure or displeasure. These emotions are not similar to moods. The mood is an affective state. Mood depends upon several factors, such as weather, the environment, physiology, etc. Emotions can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the situation. Emotional reactions are simple. Emotional well-being is strongly affected by our well-being, and such feelings are private.

Question

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step 3

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, nursing and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

In the overall scheme, of proposed causes of neurotransmitter dysfunction, the following is true: alteration of dopamine concentration influences obsession alteration of serotonin concentration can affect the attention function Dysfunctional production of the neurotransmitters, mentioned in class, can influence cognitive function dysfunction in the production of neurotransmitters happens only in the elderly
Different psychoactive substances can produce different kinds of effects, but in general psychoactive substances affect the brain by: altering the activity of neurotransmitters at the synapse. altering the effectiveness of astrocytes and other glial cells. reducing activity in the cortex and increasing activity in the brainstem. all of these options
Nervous system functions that directly employ acetylcholine neurotransmitters are referred to as cholinergic. Drugs that might be therapeutic in treating the symptoms of dopamine loss in Parkinson’s disease could include multiple choice 1 dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic agonists. dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic agonists. 2. From the information provided, drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease symptoms will act at which location? multiple choice 2 The globus pallidus The substantia nigra The striatum 3. Which of the following might be therapeutic in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease symptoms? multiple choice 3 all of these choices listed may be therapeutic increasing dopamine receptor responsiveness monoamine oxidase inhibition increasing dopamine release decreasing dopamine…
Which neurotransmitter(s) has been identified as having a role in schizophrenia? (Select all that apply) Norepinephrine Dopamine Acetocholine Serotonin
Research the effects of cocaine on specific receptors of the brain and how the transmission of action potentials is altered. Be sure to focus only on how the action potential transmission is impacted by the drug. Be sure to provide an APA citation.
Susan Watts, a 30-year-old female client, was diagnosed with schizophrenia and was treated with paliperidone (Invega) 9 mg PO every day and benztropine (Cogentin) 1 mg PO2× a day. The client arrives at the clinic and is exhibiting the following symptoms. She is repeating what is said to her (echolalia) and is telling you that the sirens are loud and the paramedics are working hard to save the man. She yells over at the paramedics, she sees and tells them they are doing a great job. She has a flat affect and is bouncing her knees up and down as she sits staring at the wall where she is seeing and hearing the hallucination. Her husband is with her and stated he is worried about his wife because she has not bathed, washed, or combed her hair for 2 days now. She has not gone to work for the past week. He stated that she keeps failing to take her medications even with reminding. The client’s husband asks the LPN/LVN if there is any way the drug therapy could be managed differently so his…
Explain how the signal transmission at a synapse in an individual with Parkinson's disease is different than an unaffected individual. List the steps involved in an action potential moving from the axon terminal of the pre-synaptic neuron to the dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron. Explain how the process is different in individuals affected with Parkinson's disease.
The possible role of glutamatergic pathways in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been highlighted in recent years. Specifically, there has been talk of possible glutamatergic hyperfunction. How would this hyperfunction affect the dopaminergic pathways?
We talked about drug effects on neurons in sequence. The effect of alcohol is multi-faceted and the following question asks you to apply your knowledge. Imagine two neurons in sequence. The presynaptic neuron is GABAnergic and the postsynaptic neuron is dopaminergic. The effects of alcohol are not fully understood but it does seem to inhibit GABAnergic neurons. How would the release of dopamine from the postsynaptic neuron change in this case? Explain your answer, being sure to make each connection between concepts clear. If alcohol instead inhibited dopaminernergic neurons, in what way might the ion flow change in the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron of this example?
Drugs that have been developed to potentiate inhibitory neurotransmitters (like gamma amino butyric acid and glycine) include all of the following except: tranquilizers tacrine ethanol valium barbiturates
Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the importance of sodium and calcium channels on a neuron and and the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited. Be sure to include the phases of an action potential, the channels involved, and the importance of an action potential.
Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the importance of sodium and calcium channels on a neuron and and the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited. Be sure to include the phases of an action potential, the channels involved, and the importance of an action potential. Be detailed in your explanation