In proteins, a peptide read from the N terminal to the C terminal. Is there a kind of direction in DNA/RNA as well? Briefly explain. What does Chargaff’s rules mean? Who proposed DNA was a double helix? In what decade?
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- In proteins, a peptide read from the N terminal to the C terminal. Is there a kind of direction in DNA/RNA as well? Briefly explain.
- What does Chargaff’s rules mean?
- Who proposed DNA was a double helix? In what decade?
- If one DNA single strand has the sequence 5’-AATGCAA-3’, what is the sequence of its complementary strand?
- When
DNA replicates , how is it able to “unwind” its double helix?
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- The DNA STRAND IS 3’ TAC-AGC-ACT-CAG-TCA 5’, and Non-template strand = 5' - ATGTCGTGAGTCAGT - 3' . If on the non-coding strand of DNA there is suddenly one T base that sneaks into the 4th sequence (from the left), or causes a mutation, then how will the RNA be formed and the chain arrangement of the amino acids produced by this mutation?Below is a diagram of DNA replication as currently believed to occur in E. coli. From specific points, arrows are provided that lead to numbers. Answer the questions below relating to the locations specified by the numbers. (02) What end (5’ or 3’) of the molecule is here? (State which) What enzyme is probably functioning here to deal with supercoils in the DNA? What enzyme is probably functioning here to unwind the DNA? What nucleic acid is probably depicted here? What are these short DNA fragments usually called? What enzyme probably functions here to couple these two newly synthesized fragments of DNA? Is this strand the leading or lagging strand? What end (5’ or 3’) of the molecule is here? (State which)The DNA STRAND IS 3’ TAC-AGC-ACT-CAG-TCA 5’ and Non-template strand = 5' - ATG-TCG-TGA-GTC-AGT - 3' . If on the non-coding strand of DNA there is suddenly one T base that sneaks into the 4th sequence (from the left), or causes a mutation, then how will the RNA be formed and the chain arrangement of the amino acids produced by this mutation? 4th sequence (from the left) should be = TCG right?
- To create a DNA:RNA hybrid from a short stretch of DNA with the sequence 5'-GGCTAAGTATGCCTAGTAGC-3', design the corresponding RNA sequence. Indicate the sequence in a 5' to 3' manner. What type of helix (A, B or Z) will this double-stranded nucleic acid form?The compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive chemical that replaces amino groups (NH2) with keto groups (=O). When nitrous acid reacts with the bases in DNA, it can change cytosine to uracil and change adenine to hypoxanthine. A DNA double helix has the following sequence: AACCTACGACC TTGGATGCTGG A. What would be the sequence of this double helix immediately after reaction with the nitrous acid (i.e. before replication)? Let the letter H represent hypoxanthine and U represent uracil. B. Following exposure the nitrous acid was removed, and the DNA was replicated for one generation. What would be the sequence of the DNA products after the DNA sequence resulting from treatment in Part A had replicated once? Your answer should contain the sequences of two double stranded DNA molecules. Note: During DNA replication, uracil hydrogen bonds with adenine, and hypoxanthine hydrogen bonds with cytosine.Here is a DNA coding strand’s sequence and direction: 5’-ATGCCGATATAG-3’ . What would be the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide encoded by this DNA?
- Using the figure below, which end of the double helix,"A" or "B", would be considered the 5 prime end? B (type "A" or "B" in the blank) Which of the following statements would best explain your reasoning for question 1? 1 (type 1, 2 or 3 in the blank) The end of the DNA strand with the phosphate exposed is the 5 prime end The end of the DNA strand that shows the five carbon sugar pointing down is the 5 prime end The end of the DNA strand with the fifth carbon on the sugar molecule is the 5 prime endGiven this sequence (of course the DNA is double stranded, but I’m only showing one strand), will it tend to cause a deletion to form, or an inversion? Diagram how it (either the deletion or inversion) will happen. xxxxxxxcatatgctttcag (another five hundred or so letters) catatgctttcagxxxxxxxxx Ditto, using this sequence xxxxxxxxcatatgctttcag (another five hundred or so letters) gactttcgtatacxxxxxxxxxxxWhich statement correctly explains the chemical basis of Chargaff's rules? Specific purines and specific pyrimidines will always be found opposite each other in the two opposing DNA strands. The double-stranded DNA helix contains phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides together. The DNA strands are oriented in an antiparallel direction. Phosphate groups and deoxyribose form the outside backbone of the double stranded DNA molecule. Nucleotides are always composed of a pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
- The following is diagram of a generalized tetranucleotide. Carbons exist at corners on the shapes and phosphate groups are filled circles. A. Is this a DNA or an RNA Molecule? B. Where is the 3’ end of this tetranucleotide? C. Given that the DNA strand which served as a template for the synthesis of this tetranucleotide was composed of the bases 5’-ACAG-3’, where are the expected bases?Assume this spring represents a DNA Double Helix. Does it represent a Right Handed Helix or a Left Handed Helix and is it consisted with the helical structure of actual DNA? meroThe compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive chemical that replaces amino groups (−− NH2) with keto groups (== O). When nitrous acid reacts with the bases in DNA, it can change cytosine to uracil and change adenine to hypoxanthine. A DNA double helix has the following sequence: TTGGATGCTGG AACCTACGACC A. What would be the sequence of this double helix immediately after reaction with nitrous acid? Let the letter H represent hypoxanthine and U represent uracil. B. Let’s suppose this DNA was treated with nitrous acid. The nitrous acid was then removed, and the DNA was replicated for two generations. What would be the sequences of the DNA products after the DNA had replicated twice? Your answer should contain the sequences of four double helices. Note: During DNA replication, uracil hydrogen bonds with adenine, and hypoxanthine hydrogen bonds with cytosine.