In animals, embryonic lethal mutations can either in zygotic or maternal effect.  In zygotic embryo lethal mutations, the genotype of the embryo determines the phenotype of the embryo.  In contrast, mutations in genes encoding products that the mother deposits in the egg often result in maternal effects - i.e. it is the genotype of the mother, not the genotype of the embryo, that determines the phenotype of the embryo.  Diagram crosses that would allow you to determine whether an embryo lethal mutation is due to zygotic lethality or maternal effect lethality. How would you devise a screen to identify recessive mutations in Drosophila that result in maternal effect lethality?

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.