I. A cross in corn involving 3 seed characters will be studied: smooth endosperm (+) shrunken endosperm (sh) colored (+) colorless (c) starchy (+) waxy (wx) Testcross F2 Progeny Smooth, colored, starchy Shrunken, colorless, starchy Shrunken, colored, starchy Shrunken, colored, waxy Smooth, colored, waxy Shrunken, colorless, waxy Smooth, colorless, waxy Smooth, colorless, starchy Observed Number 2538 4 601 115 3 2708 626 113

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Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.