How do you explain virtual memory, which lets two programmes run in parallel in a computer's memory even if they're too big for its RAM?
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How do you explain virtual memory, which lets two programmes run in parallel in a computer's memory even if they're too big for its RAM?
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Solved in 4 steps
- Imagine we have a small computer which contains a simplified version of a CPU and RAM. The CPU can execute a single program that is stored in the RAM, and while running the program it can access 3 memory locations: its internal register AL, and two RAM locations that we'll call address 1 and address 2. Since this is a simplified computer it is able to skip some of the steps to access memory that are in our textbook, but accessing RAM still takes longer than accessing AL. The only values this computer is capable of storing in memory are unsigned bytes (8 bit binary numbers), and when it starts running a program all 3 of its memory locations initially contain the value 00000000. Here is a list of all of the instructions our imaginary computer can perform: Write [number] to AL This instruction takes the operand [number], which must be an 8-bit binary number, and puts it into AL. This overwrites whatever was in AL previously. It takes 3 cycles to complete: 1 cycle each to fetch, decode,…In other words, you should just presume that there is no such thing as code that can be moved. How can we make memory paging more difficult?The use of transistors in the construction of RAM and ROM leads me to believe that there is no need for cache memory.The term "temporary storage" may also be thought of as "random access memory" (RAM) that is momentarily vacant. Imagine a machine that only had one kind of memory—is it even possible?
- WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THIS IF IT IS TRUE?A computer's CPU may be configured in three ways: as a general register, a single accumulator, or a stack.Does an operation known as "memory fetch" promptly get carried out whenever a computer requires a piece of information? If not, what purpose does it serve?Let's pretend there is no movable code in the program. What options exist for adding layers of complexity to the process of paging memory?
- Suppose the RAM for a certain computer has 256M words, where each word is 16 bits long. a. What is the capacity of this memory expressed in bytes? b. If this RAM is byte addressable, how many bits must an address contain? c. If this RAM is word addressable, how many bits must an address contain?Does a computer execute the memory fetch operation right away when it requires a piece of information? What does it do if not that?Why is random memory numbered in the first place?
- It is necessary to convert mnemonics to binary machine code because the central processing units (CPUs) of microprocessors do not understand them in their original form.WHAT DO YOU THINK IF THIS IS TRUE?The CPU of a computer may be set up in three different ways: as a general register, a single accumulator, or a stack.Floating Point operations are expensive mainly because they require a separate processing unit which requires overhead to work properly. For these and other reasons, some small processors don't support floating point arithmetic; only fixed point (each register has a "fixed" number of bits and the ALU only supports integer arithmetic). For example, if you were writing a program using a 16 bit processor and needed resolution of 1/32, your algorithm could use 5 "fractional" bits and 10 integer bits (1 bit is needed for the sign bit). Write how you would implement this in your program.