how are the hallmarks resisting cell death and enabling replicative immortality essential for cancer development. explain each in 3-5 sentences.
Q: A certain autosomal recessive trait occurs in a population with a frequency of 1 in 4900. Assuming…
A: According to Hardy-Weinberg Principle, there will be a constant genetic variation in a population…
Q: 3- Ontario estern gray frog (Hyla versicolor) is an example of...........species, which is a type…
A: Introduction:- The term, ploidy is used for the number of sets of chromosomes within an organism.…
Q: All eukaryotic DNA is located in the nucleus. Determine whether the statement is True or False. And…
A: Eukaryotes have true nucleus. It means the nucleus is surrounded by nuclear membrane which contains…
Q: Plot 2 Species richness (S): = Taxon Species A Species B Species C Species D Species E Total # of…
A: The calculations given for plot A are correct. Now, for plot B, Total number of species is 8. Total…
Q: Explain the importance of different functional guilds of detrital macroinvertebrates (microbial…
A: Macro invertebrates perform the several function in aquatic environment. They perform crucial role…
Q: What are the cell parts a bacterium might have which may be needed for infection of the host? Cite…
A: Bacteria: Bacteria are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms that frequently only have one…
Q: What should the mRNA molecule of a regular mRNA vaccine contain to be translated accurately by our…
A: The correct answers are as follows- B. Poly A tail D. 5' cap E. Flanking UTRs F. Promoter The mRNA…
Q: Human fungi protozoans and helminthes are eukaryotic cells and share the same basic energy and…
A: Introduction All cells are encased in a membrane known as the plasma membrane, which isolates the…
Q: Differentiate the genotype and phenotype
A: Genetics is a field of science that explains how genes ( hereditary unit)/ traits are passed from…
Q: Why are dominant mutations in proto-oncogenes generally not inherited? A. Inherited mutations in…
A: Cancer is a condition that manifests as the unchecked growth of a collection of abnormal cells that…
Q: Assume that birds with the genotype L L have blue feathers, and those who have at least one…
A: We can identify the correct answer as follows- A. 50% of the offspring will have blue feathers.…
Q: LO74 Explain how epigenetic markers are inherited. How do epigenetic marks compare in monozygotic…
A: Introduction : Changes in the expression and operation of the genes are a part of the epigenetics…
Q: What other methods can be used to determine the microbiological quality of water? What infectious…
A: Answer : The other suitable method for examining the presence of microorganisms in water is…
Q: Carbohydrates Proteins Triglycerides Acids Where Digestion Begins Where Digestion Ends How Subunit/…
A: Digestion is critical because your body requires nutrients from food and drink in order to function…
Q: Why is the MPN test qualitative rather than quantitative?
A: introduction: The Most Probable Number (MPN) method, which replicates liquid broth growth in…
Q: With a brief explanation that explains the mechanism of obesity (Endocrine/GI) and the underlying…
A: The obesity is the swelling of the abdomin and it is due to the deposition of the fat in the…
Q: Does golgi apparatus form plasma membrane and lysosomes?? How?
A: Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle that is present in the eukaryotic cells. Its primary…
Q: When reading about the 8 hallmarks of cancer, rank them from the least important to most important…
A: Hallmarks of cancer include uncontrolled cell growth and the ability of cancer cells to invade other…
Q: How is genetically engineering crops different from selective breeding? Similar?
A: Genetic engineering crops are crops that have been genetically altered through the use of…
Q: Which is the best possible hypothesis for explaining changes in cortical robusticity over time? a.)…
A: Option (b) is the correct answer. (b) The increase in cortical robusticity associated with the…
Q: A dominant mutation in Drosophila called Delta causes changes in wing morphology in Delta/Delta+…
A: A mutation is an abrupt alteration in an organism's genetic composition. Any organism can experience…
Q: 3. Which of the following drugs is not used primarily to treat tuberculosis A. ethambutol B.…
A: A wide variety of drugs are used for the treatment of bacterial infections such as tuberculosis,…
Q: Skeletal productivity can be quantified by dividing the maximum diameter of the ____ by the diameter…
A: Skeletal robusticity indicates the strength of a skeletal section in relation to some mechanically…
Q: -List the order of air flow through the respiratory tract. Include what specific bones and tissues…
A: The correct order of air flow through the respiratory tract is: nasal cavities (or oral cavity)…
Q: Cranial and post cranial primary characteristics of archival Homo include____. a. Large browridges…
A: Introduction Archaic Homo sapiens or early Homo sapiens evolved much earlier than modern man. Brain…
Q: a. Label the following bones in the diagram: carpals, humerus, metacarpals, phalanges, radius, ulna…
A: The bones of the hand can be grouped into three categories: 1) Carpal Bones 2) Metacarpals 3)…
Q: Describe the ATP cycle, how is ATP used and regenerated in a cell? Fully explain how ATP is…
A: The molecule known as ATP is a little one that is also rather straightforward. Similar to how money…
Q: Which of the following doesn’t occur in the transition reaction? Pyruvic acid is oxidized Pyruvic…
A: First, a carboxyl group of each pyruvate is removed as carbon dioxide, and then the remaining…
Q: Gene expression array technology has been used to do which of the following (select all that apply)?…
A: Gene expression array technology is a technology used to measure the expression level of thousands…
Q: Organisms in which of the following groups would you expect to not be saprotrophic? Group of answer…
A: Living things known as saprophytes obtain their energy from dead and decomposing organic matter,…
Q: Match the following terms with their best description reduction of a microbial population to public…
A: These are the terms which are associated with microbes for their control of their growth. We have to…
Q: In a certain population of frogs, 120 are green, 60 are brownish green, and 20 are brown. The allele…
A:
Q: A temperature-sensitive mutant allele of Ras causes the Ras protein to be fixed in the GDP-bound…
A: Introduction The various kinds of genes that have an abnormal function at higher temperatures and…
Q: Honey bee workers from a colony in North Carolina are visiting two food sites, A and B, at 6 am as…
A: What is waggle run? The waggle dance is performed by the honeybee to indicate other bees in the…
Q: Which of the following scenarios could use Next-Gen sequencing to achieve its purpose? Detect…
A: Genomic research has been transformed by next-generation sequencing (NGS), a massively parallel or…
Q: The difference between PCR and real-time PCR is that real-time PCR: can determine the DNA sequence,…
A: The correct answer is option C. can measure the amount of DNA amplified as the reaction proceeds,…
Q: Describe the given Giardia lamblia cyst and Giardia lamblia trophozoite under a microscope provided…
A: Giardia lamblia is a microscopic parasite that is a common cause of gastrointestinal illness in…
Q: Describe what happens when a nonsense mutation is introduced into the gene encoding transposase…
A: Introduction A non-sense mutation is a mutation that terminates translation earlier resulting in…
Q: Consider the data that are summarised in the figure i. The data in part (a) are consistent with the…
A: As we can see in figure (a), in both males and females, alarm calling evolved in according to kin…
Q: Dnmt3 codes for a methyltransferase reproduction. If there is no inhibition, Dnmt3 into honeybee…
A: Introduction The DNA methylation at CpG (cytosine-phosphate-guanine) causes gene silencing. This…
Q: Show a growth curve graph of the two types of bacteria which one grows faster using a…
A: Both the variety and interest of bacteria are fascinating. Despite being small, these single-celled…
Q: Select all that apply about O2 and CO2. Both are symmetrical molecules. Both are produced in…
A: all that apply are- Both are Non polar molecules. CO2 and O2 both are non polar. O2 is diatomic,…
Q: How many full first cousins would have to benefit from a behavior with a benefit (b) of 0.50 and a…
A: Altruism is a condition favored by natural selection. The behavior that benefits another organism at…
Q: How did this pandemic change the outlook on infectious disease?
A: Infectious diseases are diseases caused by the entrance into and multiplication in the body by the…
Q: simply compare darwin and lamarcks theory and tell me which one makes more sense and why?
A: In terms of evolution both scientist Lamarck and Darwin believed that, over time, living things like…
Q: What will be the range of osmolality for most animal cell line culturing?
A: For most of the animal cell line culture, the range of osmolarity will be 260 - 320 milliosmoles…
Q: What is the hypothesis in the following scientific excerpt? "Our meat research program was…
A: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are hydrocarbon chains that include two or more double bonds. The…
Q: 1. What are the possible explanations for why the hominid lineage may have favoured bipedal…
A: 1. The bipedal movement might have been a coping mechanism for surviving in an environment with…
Q: Put the following events concerning homologous recombination (the mechanism by which crossing over…
A: Genetic information is shared between two identical or comparable double-stranded or single-stranded…
how are the hallmarks resisting cell death and enabling replicative immortality essential for cancer development. explain each in 3-5 sentences.
Step by step
Solved in 7 steps
- Out of these 8 hallmarks ( sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, deregulating cellular energetics and metabolism, and avoiding immune destruction). Rank them from least important to most for cancer development. Explain in 2-3 sentences how.Excessive angiogenesis and reduced apoptosis are two of the six characteristics that define cancerous tumors. Discuss how developing treatments for these two conditions might prevent the development of cancer altogether from pre-malignant tumors.Name the six fundamental properties of malignant tumours. Which of these properties are amenable to study in a cell culture model of cancer and why?
- What is meant by the "two-hit" model of cancer development? Describe this theory in detail and explain why this makes sense with the observation that cancer is typically seen in people who are >60 years of age.Estimate the resource costs for a cancer program, including the in-house and acquired resources for 12 months, and explain why these resources are essential for the program.Tissues and differentiation a)Explain what is meant by termination and differentiation ).b) Explain the difference between an oncogenic and a tumour suppressor gene and describe how they are involved in the onset of cancer
- What is tumor ? Explain the types of tumor a human can face ?#1) Hyperplastic growth are not cancerous yet but show a higher than normal proliferation rate. True False #2) When cancer cells have not spread beyond its original site, the term used to describe it is benign growth intraepithelial neoplasia carcinoma stage 3 carcinoma in situ #9) Cancer cells generally have missense mutations in p53 gene, resulting in truncated p53 normally active p53 dominant negative p53 inactive p53 #10) Single or double stranded breaks in DNA activate Chk 1 and 2 kinases, which phosphorylates p53. This results in --- in the level of p53 in the cell. increase decreaseWhy is the tumor microenvironment important to cancer progression?