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Explain/compare the following:totipotent vs pluripotent vs multipotent cells
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- 2) Explain how the following cell transport systems work moving materials around inside the cell and other functions. Focus on structure and function, and Include how energy is used to accomplish these movements. A)Tubulin/Kinesin B)Actin/MyosinTwo cells can be operated in such a way that leads to a common continuous plasma membrane of both.a) Trueb) FalseList and describe the three main types of cytoskeleton. If you wanted to do immunocytochemistry to specifically stain each type of cytoskeleton, what is a protein that could be used for each cytoskeletal type (in other words, what is a unique protein for each cytoskeletal type)? What are three types of actin structures? Describe the involvement of actin structures in cell migration. How is the growth and shrinking of microtubules regulated? Then describe the roles of microtubules in: chromosomal separation during mitosis and the movement of organelles and vesicles within a cell. Describe a possible mechanism on how signaling pathways might impact the cytoskeleton, so that cell migration could be regulated in a localized manner within a multicellular organism. (hint: think about the possible transcriptional regulation of the G-protein regulators) What are 2 main challenges of protein targeting? Then describe one way these challenges are overcome during signal-based targeting and one way…
- Explain (using the correct terminology and drawing an image) what happens to the cells in the following environments: A human blood cell (0.9% salt) is placed in a saltwater tank (27.5% salt). - A bacterial cell with 35% organic material in their cytoplasm is living in a tank filled with 35% sulfur. - A freshwater plant cell (75% water) is living in a pond that floods over.Explain what is meant when a cell is described as totipotent or multipotent.Describe and give an example of the following types of stem cells: - totipotent - pluripotent
- Name three parameters that need to be stably maintained inside a cell.Note that the number of transport proteins (pores) on a cell and their size can help the cell to control which kinds of molecules are inside and in what quantities. Link to the website: Next-Generation Molecular Workbench (concord.org)(AKS 1b1 / DOK 2) Patients with a genetic condition known as cystic fibrosis struggle with symptoms such as lung and digestive problems. The cells of patients with the disease do not transport water or other materials out of the cell efficiently. Therefore, patients' cells have a build up of water and other substances inside the cell. Which of the following BEST describes how cystic fibrosis impacts cells? O A. Cystic fibrosis affects the cell membrane increasing cellular transport and homeostasis B. Cystic fibrosis affects the lysosomes increasing cellular transport and homeostasis C. Cystic fibrosis affects the Golgi decreasing cellular transport and homeostasis D. Cystic fibrosis affects the cell membrane decreasing cellular transport and homeostasis E:17 AM P Type here to search IOI & 7 %23 3 $ 4 R
- 12) Match the cell-cell junction on the left with the appropriate function on the right. Note that more than one letter may apply for a particular function and that each letter may be used more than once or not at all. A) Gap junctions provides a very strong attachment point between cells B) Desmosomes allow easy movement of large amounts of substances between adjacent cells C) Plasmodesmata seals the plasma membranes of adjacent cells together, preventing the movement of molecules between them D) Tight junctionsIf cells are treated with colchicine, a drug that promotes microtubule disassembly, the location of the ER and Golgi both change dramatically. Rather than being spread out quite widely through the cytoplasm, the ER appears to collapse into the area near the nucleus. (Recall that the ER membrane and the outer nuclear envelope are continuous with one another). In contrast, the Golgi stacks disperse from their usually more compact, central location to areas all over the cell. However, if colchicine is removed, and microtubules are allowed to reassemble, both organelles eventually return to their normal distribution in the cells. How do you account for the change in distribution of the ER & Golgi when microtubules are depolymerized? What protein(s), other than tubulins, allow normal cellular organization to be restored once colchicine is removed? (answer should include information to explain both the ER & Golgi)You are using fluorescence microscopy to study a plasma membrane protein that is fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Adding GFP to a protein allows us to monitor the protein in live cells using light microscopy without the need for any special stains. Under baseline conditions, the fusion protein is evenly distributed over the surface of the cell. You use the microscope software and laser to photobleach an ROI and watch for the recovery of fluorescence in real time. you have a control protein, a GFP fusion with the insulin receptor, where the ROI fully recovers from photobleaching in 10 min. However, when Protein X is fused with GFP, the fluorescence recovers only to 10% the starting levels in 10 min in the same cell type under the same experimental conditions. Provide two different, reasonable explanations for the different results with these two fusion proteins.