Exercise 4 Suppose that there are two farmers, Earl and Pearl, who grazetheir milk cows on the common pasture of their village. Each farmercan purchase up to two cowsand if they havemore cows on thepasturethere will be less grass per cow, meaning each cow will produce less milk. Suppose that cows cost $500 each and milk sellsfor $2 per litre. The following table sum ⚫ 4.1. Calculate the profit of each farmer in the Nash equilibrium? What would be the efficient number of cows?marises the production ofeach cow given the total number in the pasture.
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- Five roommates are planning to spend the weekendin their apartment watching movies, and they aredebating how many movies to watch. The tablebelow shows each roommate’s willingness to pay foreach of the movies:Ava Ridley Spike Kathryn QuentinFirst film $14 $10 $8 $4 $2Second film 12 8 4 2 0Third film 10 6 2 0 0Fourth film 6 2 0 0 0Fifth film 2 0 0 0 0A movie on their streaming service costs $15, which theroommates split equally, so each pays $3 per movie.a. What is the efficient number of movies to watch(that is, the number that maximizes total surplus)?b. For each roommate, what is the preferred numberof movies to watch?Assume that you are in the business of building houses in United Kingdom. You have analyzedthe market carefully, and you know that at a price of £120,000, you will sell 800 houses peryear. In addition, you know that at any price above £120,000, no one will buy your housesbecause the government provides equal-quality houses to anyone who wants one at £120,000.You also know that for every £20,000 you lower your price, you will be able to sell an additional200 units. For example, at a price of £100,000, you can sell 1,000 houses; at a price of £80,000,you can sell 1,200 houses; and so on.a. Sketch the demand curve that your firm faces.b. Sketch the effective marginal revenue curve that your firm faces.c. If the marginal cost of building a house is £100,000, how many will you build and whatprice will you charge? What if MC = £85,000?Five roommates arc planning to spend the weekendin their dorm room watching movies, and they arcdebating how many movies to watch. Here is theirwillingness to pay:Quentin Spike Ridley Martin StevenFirst film $14 $10 $8 $4 $2Second film 12 8 4 2 0Third film 10 6 2 0 0Fourth film 6 2 0 0 0Filth film 2 0 0 0 0Buying a DVD costs SIS, which the roommates splitequally, so each pays $3 per movie.a. What is the efficient number of movies to watch(that is, the number that maximizes total surplus)?b. from the standpoint of each roommate, what isthe preferred number of movies?c. What is the preference of the median roommate?d. (f the roommates held a vote on the efficient out~come versus the median voter's preference, howwould each person vote? Which outcome wouldg~ a majority?c. lf one of the roommates proposed a differentnumber of movies, could his proposal beat thewinner from part (d) in a vote?f. Can majority rule be counted on to reach efficientoutcomes in the provision of public go<Xis?
- Would you rather have efficiency or variety? That is, one opportunity cost of the variety of products we have is that each product costs more per unit than if there were only one kind of product of a given type, like shoes. Perhaps a better question is, What is the right amount of variety? Can there be too many varieties of shoes, for example?Imagine a scenic canyon, visited by many local people as well as tourists from beyondthe local area. Consider a scenario in which a mining company has proposed to the localauthority that it be closed to the public and put into the production of coal. Thinking interms of economics as a way of adjudicating the relative value of one use of the canyon overthe other, what would you need to know in order to make a comparison or assessment?What kinds of quantitative data would inform your decision, and where might they comefrom? What kinds of things might you need to know that are hard to measure? Once youhave listed the kinds of information and data that might be available to inform this decision, do you think it would be sufficient to making this decision, why or why not?Suppose that an incumbent can commit to producing a large quantity of outputbefore the potential entrant decides whether to enter. So, the incumbent Örst chooseswhether to produce a small quantity or a large quantity. The rival then decides whether toenter. If the incumbent commits to the small output level and if the rival does not enter,the rival makes $0 and the incumbent makes $900. If it does enter, the rival makes $125and the incumbent earns $450. If the incumbent commits to producing the large quantity,and the potential entrant stays out of the market, the potential entrant makes $0 and theincumbent makes $800. If the rival enters, the best the entrant can make is $0, the sameamount it would earn if it didnít enter, but the incumbent earns only $400. Show the gametree. What is the SPNE?
- 86) An economy unit of agricutural output raquires 0.L'unit of ag ristural input and agriultural industy and a teatile industry. Each has 9n 0.1 unit of textiles inputs. Each unit of textiles output requires o.1 unit of agricul tural imput and 0:2 unlt of textiles input. a Write the technoligy matrix for this b) If surpluses of S units of agrlualhural products and15 units of texti le s ave desired, final the gois poluchion of each industry econdny. .Figure 4.2 P3 P2 P1 A C Q Q2 Q3 Q4 Qs Qs Q7 Refer to Figure 4.2. The demand curve A indicates that O the smallcst price change will cause consumcrs to change their consumption by a large amount, O therc is no change in quantity demandcd as the price changes. consumcrs can purchase any quantity they want regardless of the price, Oithc smalcst price incrcasc wil.causc.consuners to switch to the producer with thc lowest"Wearing mask and using the sanitizer has helped in controlling the spread of COVID-19". This statement is O a. All of these given options O b. A question O c. An opinion o d. Scientifically proven
- Only typed answer Kara and Kyle are competing sockeye salmon fishers. Both have been allocated ITQs that limit their catch to 2,000 tons of sockeye salmon each. Kara's cost per ton is $6; Kyle's cost per ton is $10. Assume that the market price of sockeye salmon is $14 per ton. If Kara pays Kyle $5 per ton for his ITQs, and if she then catches her new limit of 4,000 tons, her profit would be?If 10 million toy cars are sold. which means that: The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency more should be produced. From the data given it is impossible to tell if toy cars are being produced at the efficient level. O The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency less should be produced. The production of toy cars is currently at the efficient level. IF 30 million toy cars are sold, - vwhich means that: The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency more should be produced. O From the data given it is impossible to tell if toy cars are being produced at the efficient level. The production of toy cars is currently at the efficient level. The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency less should be produced. The optimal allocation of resources would result in the production of toy cars.7 This figure below shows the payoffs involved when Sarah and Joe work on a school project together for a single grade. They both will enjoy a higher grade when more effort is put into the project, but they also get pleasure from goofing off and not working on the project. The payoffs can be thought of as the utility each would get from the effort they individually put forth and the grade they jointly receive. 1 Sarah points Lew Effont High Effert 00:40 25 Low Effort Joe High Effon The outcome of the game in the figure shown will be: Multiple Choice Joe puts forth high effort and Sarah puts forth low effort. Joe puts forth low effort and Sarah puts forth high effort. Joe and Sarah both put forth low effort. Joe and Sarah both put forth high effort.