Evolution in Humans1) explain what evolutionary mechanisms are involved in creating variation in populations2) define homology and analogy and discuss examples of each

There are few evolutionary mechanisms that are involved in bringing variation in populations. these…

Answered: Evolution in Humans 1) explain what…

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP

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10) Two processes that take place within a cell are shown here. Which of these statements correctly identify the processes and their outcomes? Select ALL that apply. A) Both processes increase genetic variation. B) Both processes can produce new phenotypes in an organism. C) Process II occurs randomly while process I is predictable. D) Process I is beneficial to the organism while process II is detrimental. E) Only process I can provide the basis for natural selection acting on phenotypes. Not Graded
21) ALL BUT ONE of the statements below helps to describe gene flow. That is A) B) Without genetic variation, some of the basic mechanisms of evolutionary change cannot operate. There are three primary sources of genetic variation: 1. Mutations II. Gene flow III. Sexual reproduction D) It depends on a chance event that changes the gene pool. It can reduce the genetic differentiation between the two groups. It involves the movement of alleles from one population to another. It includes migration or the movement of individuals between populations. Some mutations always occur from generation to generation. But most mutations do not persist over time in the gene pool. Which mutation is MOST likely to become established and persist in a species?
According to Darwin’s model of evolution, evolution can only occur if there is some variation present among the individual members of a population. Which statement best describes the source of this variation among members of a species? A) individuals will vary depending on geography and climate B) variation exists because not all genes will be expressed C) variation among individuals may arise as a result of mutations in the genetic code D) variation exists because different individuals will have different access to food and other resources
1) What is the source of modifications that contribute to the variety of offspring produced by descent with modification (HINT: Think of concepts discussed in the genetics and reproduction units) 2) During Charles Darwin’s voyages, he observed species of plants and animals unique to specific islands, but with similar looking species on nearby islands. How did Darwin explain these similarities and differences? 3) Unique species of animals found on isolated islands are not randomly different from their mainland “cousins,” they are especially and uniquely adapted for island life. Provide examples of this phenomenon. How can this occurrence be explained?
In addition to evolution through vertical descent, evolutionary changes can also occur by horizontal gene transfer, and this process involves 1. mostly eukaryotic organisms. 2. competition 3. the transfer of genes from one organism to another one that is not its direct descendant and might even be from a different species. 4. a recent time in the history of life in our planet. 5. the transfer of genes from one organism to another one with a parent-offspring relationship.
According to Darwin’s model of evolution, evolution can only occur if there is some variation present among the individual members of a population. Which statement best describes the source of this variation among members of a species? A) variation exists because different individuals will have different access to food and other resources B) individuals will vary depending on geography and climate C) variation exists because not all genes will be affected D) variation among individuals may arise as a result of mutations in the genetic code
What is an Analogy? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypes
a) Name and define the evolutionary processes that cause change in allele frequencies acrossgenerations. b) Describe how each process is expected to change allele frequencies across generations,including the following terms as appropriate:- genome-wide effects, loci-specific effects advantageous, deleterious, neutral- population size- speed of evolutionary change
Charles Darwin came up with several original ideas in his 1859 publication The Origin of Species. Some of these ideas are now generally accepted, some are still hypothetical, some are conditional, and some are now believed to be incorrect. List several of his ideas (including at least one from each category), and explain why each of these ideas are either: (1) considered to be essentially correct, (2) considered to be hypothetical, (3) considered to be conditionally correct, or (4) considered to be incorrect.
How does genetic information provides evidence for evolution? Give species examples
1. a) List the forces affecting the evolution of natural populations b) all these factors in (a) influence the genetic variation in natural populations. Briefly explain how these factors influence or affect genetic variation.
Which of the following statements best characterizes genetic diversity in humans? 1.) There are far more genetic differences between populations/groups than there is variation within populations. 2.) Between-group differences in most phenotypic traits (e.g., athletic ability, performance on standardized tests, etc.) are mostly inherited and due to the effects of natural selection. 3.) The vast majority of polymorphisms (such as SNPs) in the genome are informative about a person's ancestry (in other words, you could get a pretty good idea of someone's ancestry by looking at their genotype at just about any random SNP in the genome). 4.) Humans have much lower levels of genetic diversity than most other animals.

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