es of the victim, attacker and the router as well as the Switch's forwarding table. b) What happens to a packet sent from the Internet to the victim machine? Will that packet be also pass through the attacker machine? Explain.
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- In this problem we investigate whether either UDP or TCP provides a degree of end-point authentication. a. Consider a server that receives a request within a UDP packet and responds to that request within a UDP packet (for example, as done by a DNS server). If a client with IP address X spoofs its address with address Y, where will the server send its response? b. Suppose a server receives a SYN with IP source address Y, and after responding with a SYNACK, receives an ACK with IP source address Y with the correct acknowledgment number. Assuming the server chooses a random initial sequence number and there is no "man-in-the-middle," can the server be certain that the client is indeed at Y (and not at some other address X that is spoofing Y)?We explore whether either UDP or TCP offers any level of end-point authentication in this problem. a. Consider a server that accepts a request via UDP and responds via UDP (for example, as done by a DNS server). Where would the server give its answer if a client with IP address X spoofs it with address Y? b. Assume a server receives a SYN with IP source address Y and responds with SYNACK. The server then receives an ACK with IP source address Y and the right acknowledgmentamount. Assuming the server selects a random initial sequence number and there is no "man-in-the-middle," how can the server be confident that the recipient is really at Y (and not at any other address X that spoofs Y)?Consider a home network connected to the Internet through a single home router that supports the Network Address Translation (NAT) protocol. The ISP is only providing a single public IP address to the owner of this network (82.7.30.73). Let us assume that one of the connected home devices with IP address 192.168.0.1 has an open connection from source port 30000 to a web server with IP address 172.217.169.4. The source IP and port of the incoming TCP segments that the web server sees could be: 192.168.0.1, 30000 82.7.30.73, 5555 192.168.0.1, 5555 172.217.169.4, 80
- We explore whether either UDP or TCP offers any level of end-point authentication in this problem. a. Consider a server that accepts a request via UDP and responds via UDP (for example, as done by a DNS server). Where would the server give its answer if a client with IP address X spoofs it with address Y? b. Assume a server receives a SYN with IP source address Y and responds with SYNACK. The server then receives an ACK with IP source address Y and the right . acknowledgment amount. Assuming the server selects a random initial sequence number and there is no "man-in-the-middle," how can the server be confident that the recipient is really at Y (and not at any other address X that spoofs Y)?For the HSRP configuration, we will use the sample network topology below. We are going to configure HSRP on both routers (R1 and R2) for subnet 192.168.1.0/24, so that PC1 is not affected by failure of any of the routersAssume now that between A and B there is a switch S that uses store and forward. The distance from A to S is m meters and from S to B 2m meters. The link speed between A and S is R bps and between S and B R/2 bps. A has a supply of 6 packets to send to B using UDP. The switch buffer can accommodate 3 packets including the one being transmitted (until it finishes its transmission). Will there be packet losses at the switch buffer. Which packets (number packets 1, 2, 3, ...). Draw an annotated time-space diagram to illustrate this data transmission. (you should roughly respect the scales in your drawing).
- Given the following topology of a network, the router Node 3 connects the two subnets together: Nodes 1 and 2 are 'inside' of the subnet neta, Nodes 4 and 5 are 'outside' of neta and Node 3 with a firewall is the gateway of neta. The two networks have the prefix 192.168 as the first two octets in their IP addresses, e.g, Node 1 has IP address 192.168.1.11. eth1: 1.11 eth1: 2.21 1 2 eth1: 1.12 neta eth 1: 1.1 3 eth2: 2.1 netb 4 5 eth1: 2.22 (i) Suppose in the firewall on Node 3 the default policy is ACCEPT. Write packet filtering rules for the following goal. Suppose Node 5 hosts a web server supporting both HTTP and HTTPs. Set rules in Node 3 that prevents Node 2 from browsing any web pages at Node 5. Now change in Node3 the default policy as DROP and write packet filtering rules for the following goal. (ii) Allow all nodes in the subnet neta to browsing HTTP pages hosted at Node 5. (iii) Allow hosts in netb to SSH into Nodel.Consider the following network: Router1 10.0.0.1 00:00:00:00:01 X Switch 1 10.0.0.0/24 Alice 10.0.0.2 00:00:00:00:02 Bob 10.0.0.3 00:00:00:00:03 Charlie 10.0.1.2 00:00:00:00:05 (A) Charlie sends message with source IP 10.0.0.2 to destination IP 10.0.0.3 (B) Bob sends message with source IP 10.0.0.2 to destination 10.0.1.3. Danielle sends message with source IP 10.0.1.2 to destination IP 10.0.0.3. Router2 10.0.1.1 00:00:00:00:04 X Switch 2 10.0.1.0/24 Suppose Router 1 implements ingress filtering. Which two spoofed packets are blocked from delivery? Select all that apply. (D) Charlie sends message with source IP 10.0.0.3 to destination IP 10.0.1.3. (E) Danielle sends message with source IP 10.0.0.3 to destination IP 10.0.0.2. Danielle 10.0.1.3 00:00:00:00:06The maximum packet size (Maximum Transmission Unit or MTU) of an IP packet including IPv4 header on 100 Mbps Ethernet is usually set at 1500 bytes. A typical IPv4 header consists of 20 bytes, and a UDP header consists of 8 bytes. If we split up a file of 20,000,000 bytes so we can send it as a series of UDP payloads, how many IP packets do we have to send in order to transfer the entire file? Enter an integer number without formatting (no commas). Answer: The MTU for IP packets on 100 Mbps Ethernet is typically set to 1500 bytes. A typical IPv4 header consists of 20 bytes, and a UDP header consists of 8 bytes. If we split up a file of 25,000,000 bytes so we can send it as a series of UDP payloads, how many bytes do we have to send at the network layer in order to transfer the entire file? Enter an integer number (no commas). Answer: You are sending a 27,000,000 byte file using UDP over IP over an Ethernet with MTU 1500 bytes. The Ethernet header is 14 bytes and the frame checksum is 4…
- The maximum packet size (Maximum Transmission Unit or MTU) of an IP packet including IPv4 header on 100 Mbps Ethernet is usually set at 1500 bytes. A typical IPv4 header consists of 20 bytes, and a UDP header consists of 8 bytes. If we split up a file of 20,000,000 bytes so we can send it as a series of UDP payloads, how many IP packets do we have to send in order to transfer the entire file? Enter an integer number without formatting (no commas). Answer:After establishing a connection with the local DNS server PC1 now knows the IP and MAC addresses of PC2. Suppose PC1 [IP Address: 192.168.2.1, MAC Address: 0010.1191.A946] is sending an ARP packet to PC2 [IP Address: 192.168.2.2, MAC Address: 0110.1290.AD23]. What will be written in the target MAC address before the packet reaches PC2 ?The figure below is a Wireshark capture of a TCP three-way handshake starting an http session. Calculate the initial SampleRTT from this capture, knowing that the Time column (2nd on the left) is in seconds. 1 0.000000 2 0.040617 3 0.040650 TCP 66 53587 > httpp [SYN] Seq=0 win=8192 L 66 http > 53587 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 54 53587 > http [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 win= TCP TCP Subsequent SampleRTTs are 30 ms, 40 ms, 100 ms, and 50 ms . Consider a = 0.125 and B = 0.25. The initial EstimatedRTT = initial Sample RTT. The initial DevRTT= (Initial Sample RTT)/2. What are the EstimatedRTT, DevRTT, and Timeout (RTO) calculated after the last SampleRTT? O Estimated RTT = 48.6 ms, DevRTT = 11.7 ms, Timeout (RTO ) = 95.5 ms Estimated RTT = 47.0 ms, DevRTT = 18.2 ms, Timeout (RTO) = 119.7 ms O Estimated RTT = 60.0 ms, DevRTT = 20.1 ms , Timeout (RTO) = 80.4 ms Estimated RTT = 28.1 ms, DevRTT = 29.6 ms, Timeout (RTO) = 146.7 ms