Choose the best from the below ? Peptide hormones interact with what structures on the surface of a cell? a. receptor proteins d. neurotransmittersb. second messenger systems e. digestive enzymesc. pheromones
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Choose the best from the below ?
Peptide hormones interact with what structures on the surface of a cell?
a. receptor proteins d. neurotransmitters
b. second messenger systems e. digestive enzymes
c. pheromones
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Solved in 2 steps
- Which of the following statements is truc a. Neurotransmitters must bind to a receptor to exert an action on a cell but hormones do not have to bind to a receptor to exert an action b. The nervous system effects are longer lasting than the endocrine system c. The nervous system effects are faster to respond than the endocrine system d. The nervous system releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream similar to how the endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstreamChoose the best from the below ? Which of the following acts as the link between the nervous systemand the endocrine system? a. posterior pituitary glandb. hypothalamusc. anterior pituitary glandd. parathyroidwhich of the following happens when a therapeutic synthetic homone is introduced intno the body to treat patients natural hormone insufficiency?(select all that apply) A. The target cell responds the same way as when the hormone is natural B. the synthetic hormone has no effect on the target tissues C. the amount of natural hormone produced by the patients body declines D. the synthetic hormone is destroyed before it can have an effect on the target tissue.
- 1. Cortisol: a. is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex b. is a glucocorticoid c. has an antiimmunity effect d. all of the above 2. Protein hormones have hormone receptors in the cell: a. both a and c above b. membrane c. nucleus 3. D. cytoplasm The difference between a three- and a two-neuron reflex is that a three-neuron reflex: a. includes an efferent neuron b. includes an afferent neuron c. passes through the dorsal root ganglion d. includes an interneuronWhich of the following statements comparing the endocrine system and the nervous system is false? a. The endocrine system can reach almost all living cells. b. The endocrine system and the nervous system never interact with each other. c. Nervous system control is faster than endocrine control. d. Both systems can be considered as systems of communication.Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland, a small gland in the brain. Melatonin helps control your sleep and wake cycles. Evaluate each statement below and select the statement that best describes the pathway. Select one: a. Light on the retina stimulates the hypothalamus to send a signal to the pineal gland to stop producing melatonin, signalling the body to go to sleep. b. Light on the retina stimulates the hypothalamus to send a signal to the pineal gland to increase the production of melatonin, signalling the body to go to sleep. c. Light on the retina stimulates the hypothalamus to send a signal to the pineal gland to stop producing melatonin, signalling the body to wake up. d. Light on the retina stimulates the hypothalamus to send a signal to the pineal gland to increase the production of melatonin, signalling the body to wake up.
- 1. Which of the following is/are false? a. Peptide hormones are not able to penetrate the cell membrane B. Cathecolamines are not lipid soluble C. Steroid hormones bind to receptors on the outside of the cel membrane D. Thyroid hormone can cross the membrane. 2. Why are the receptors for amino acid-base hormones on the outside surface of cell membrane? A. Cells can respond faster when the hormones does not need to enter the cell B. Amino acid-base hormones cannot penetrate cell membrane C. Lysosomes in the intracellular fluid digest amino acid-base hormones D. Amini acid-base hormones have no role on activating genes in the nucleus. 3. Which one is NOT of action of hormones on their target cells? A. A hormone may stimulate the synthesis of an enzyme in the target cells B. Hormone may activate an enzyme by altering its shape C. A hormone may deactivate enzyme by altering its structure D. Some hormones are enzymes that promote a chemical reaction in cellThe term “central nervous system” is used to refer to which of the following? a. The brain and spinal cord b. The ventricles that sit at the center of the brain c. Cranial nerves that make direct connections with the brain d. Nerves leaving the spinal cord innervating axial or trunk muscles near the center of the body Which of the following hormones is released by the hypothalamus during stress? a. neuropeptide Y (NPY) b. glucocorticoids (including cortisol) c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) d. corticotropin releasing factor (CRF; also called CRH)What is Prader–Willi syndrome? a. A genetic disorder characterized by loss of appetite b. Fat accumulation in the liver of leptin-resistant patients c. A failure to adapt to alternating periods of excess and inadequate energy intake d. A genetic disorder resulting in obesity e. Altered receptor activity for ghrelin
- what happens to a water souble hormone after it binds to a receptor on the target cell? select all that apply A. the hormone unbinds the receptor or pops back off B. the hormone is broken down by an enzyme C. the hormone is transported into the cell where it is destroyed by enzymes d. the hormones is transported into the cell where it promotes transcription.Which of the following class of chemicals exerts its effects by entering cells, binding intracellular receptors, and affecting gene expression? a. Peptides b. Steroids c. Bioactive amines d. Amino acids Studies have demonstrated biological differences between adult heterosexual and adult homosexual men. Which of the following has been shown to be different between these groups? a. different pattern of cortical neuron branching b. different testosterone levels c. different size of a hypothalamic nucleus d. different estrogen levelsWhich one of the following best describes the characteristics of an autocrine hormone? Select one: а. Acts on same cells to amplify signals b. Released into bloodstream С. Acts on target cells far away from site of synthesis d. Acts on neighboring cells e. Diffuses across the synaptic junction