Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a paravertebral ganglion, it can: ascend or descend the sympathetic trunk, to synapse in another paravertebral ganglion. True O False
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- Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a paravertebral ganglion, it can: pass through the paravertebral ganglion without synapsing until it reaches the prevertebral ganglion. O True FalseOnce a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a paravertebral ganglion, it can: synapse with a post- ganglionic neuron, at the same spinal segment level. O True FalseIn the sympathetic division of the autonomic system: preganglionic neurons originate in the thoracolumbar segments of the cord the preganglionic neurons are unmyelinated the preganglionic neurons are long the neurotransmitter released by the preganglionic neurons is norepinephrine
- The cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic rHeurons are located in O the dorsal root ganglia the ventral horn small neuronal clusters situated outside of target organs such as the intestines and kidne the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cordFor which of the following systems is the neurotransmitter acetylcholine released by neurons at the target tissue? true only for the sympathetic division true only for the parasympathetic division true for both divisions false for both divisionsG Lateral hom (visceral motor zone) + Ventral root Synapse in trunk ganglion at the same level level Synapse in trunk ganglion at a higher or lower level Pass through sympathetic trunk to synapse in a collateral ganglion anterior to the vertebral column Dorsal root -Dorsal root ganglion Dorsal ramus of spinal nerve -Ventral ramus of spinal nerve Arrector pili muscles and sweat glands of skin Smooth muscle of blood vessels Smooth muscle and glands of abdominal organs (e.g. intestine) 39 Effectors
- Which of the following describes a sympathetic postganglionicaxon?a. long, unmyelinated axonb. short, myelinated axonc. short, unmyelinated axond. long, myelinated axonAUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE FUNCTION(S)/CHARACTERISTIC(S) SYMPATHETIC DIVISION 1 Preganglionic neuron 2 Postganglionic neuron 3 Gray horns of the spinal cord 4 Dorsal Roots of the spinal cord 5 Ventral Roots of the spinal cord 6 Dorsal Rami 7 Ventral Rami 8 White ramus communicans 9 Gray ramus communicans 10 Sympathetic trunk ganglion (Paravertebral ganglia) 11 Superior cervical ganglion 12 Middle cervical ganglion 13 Inferior cervical ganglion 14 14a 14b 14c Prevertebral ganglia Celiac ganglion Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglion PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION 15 Preganglionic neuron 16 Postganglionic neuron 17 CN III Oculomotor nerve 18 CN VII Facial nerve…Which of the following is NOT a true statement about autonomic nervous system? Parasympathetic cell bodies are located in ganglia within (or near) their target tissues Preganglionic sympathetic neurons release acetylcholine Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord Most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release norepinephrine
- Characteristics o Sympathetic Parasympathetic Main function Location of nerve roots Effects on target Organs &physiological processes Heart Bronchioles(airway passages of the lungs) Blood vessels to abdominal organs & skin Blood vessels to skeletal muscle secretion from digestive glands Urine formation/Micturition (urination) pupils of the eyeWhich of the following is characteristic of parasympathetic ganglia the ganglia are formed of the cell bodies of general somatic efferent neurons O the ganglia are formed of the cell bodies of preganglionic neurons parasympathetic autonomic ganglia are ALL found within the walls of the effector glands or organs synapses between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons are formed within the autonomic gangliaA drug is known to decrease heart rate. After cutting the white ramiof T1–T4, the drug still causes the heart rate to decline. After cuttingthe vagus nerves, the drug no longer affects heart rate. Which divisionof the ANS does the drug affect? Does the drug affect the synapsebetween preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, the synapse betweenpostganglionic neurons and effectors, or the CNS? Is the drug’s effectexcitatory or inhibitory?