About aneuploidies: O gonosome aneuploidy can change the apparent sex in humans O autosomal aneuploidy can alter apparent sex in Drosophila O no correct answer O gonosome aneuploidy can alter apparent sex in Drosophila autosomal aneuploidy can alter apparent sex in humans
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- Certain genes determine sex, fertility, and viability in Drosophila, and mutations in these genes affect the two sexes differently. Classify the descriptions below based on their occurrence in XY or XX flies. Some descriptions may be used in both categories. The expressed form of Dsx activates maleness genes and represses femaleness genes. XY XX Null mutations in the dsx gene result in an intersex phenotype. Loss-of-function mutations in the tra gene have no effect on phenotype. Sxl is expressed in early embryogenesis from the establishment promoter. Flies that produce Fru-M in brain cells from a transgene perform a mating dance and specifically court females. Loss-of-function mutations in the fru gene result in flies who court both males and females. Sxl regulates splicing of its own RNA to produce a functional protein. The expressed form of Dsx activates femaleness genes and represses maleness genes. Loss-of-function mutations in the Sxl gene have no effect on phenotype. ResetIn drosophila melonegaster, nuclei of somatic cells contain 8 chromosomes while nuclei of sperm cells contain only 4 chromosomes. What does "n" equal for this species? O 2 4 8. O 16Part 1= You are to discover the chromosomal location (autosomal or X linked) and mode of inheritance for two new fly mutations couchpotato (cp) and happyhour (hh) The homozygous couchpotato (cpcp) phenotype is (sedentary) an extreme lack of activity The homozygous happyhour (hhhh) can drink any other fly under the table so phenotype (drinker) PARENTS Cross Male double homozygous mutants cp hh with Female wild wild CP HH are to be crossed BUT FIRST you don’t know if either gene is on the X chromosome Parental diploid genotypes could be: male cpcphhhh female CPCPHHHH if Both genes autosomal or Male XcpYhhhh female XCPXCPHHHH if cp on the X chromosome and hh autosomal or Male cpcpXhhY female CPCPXHHXHH if hh on the X chromosome and cp autosomal What are the female and male PARENTAL GAMETE GENOTYPES for the above parental crosses if: a) Both genes were autosomal ((REMEMBER BOTH GENDER HAVE ONE GAMETE GENO) b) cp gene on the X chromosome and hh autosomal…
- GENETICS: X LINKED GENES In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What are the sexes and eye colors of flies with the following genotypes: XRXr XRY XRXR X'Y What are the genotypes of these flies: white eyed, male red eyed female (heterozygous). red eyed, male white eyed, female Show the cross of a white eyed female X'X' with a red-eyed male XRY. Show a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male. What are the genotypes of the parents: & & Show the cross of a red eyed female (heterozygous) and a red eyed male. What are the genotypes of the parents? How many are: white eyed, male_ red eyed, male How many are: white eyed, male white eyed, female red eyed, male red eyed, female white eyed, female red eyed, femaleIn ZZ-ZW sex determining systems which of the following is true? Insects such as bees, wasps, and ants use the ZZ-ZW sex determining system. The female is homogametic, while the male is heterogametic. After meiosis in the Female, half the eggs will have the Z chromosome. O The males develop from unfertilized eggs while the females develop from fertilized eggs. The SRY gene is found on the Z chromosome.You are studying a new species of insect. You identify the following about sex determination in this species: . Their cells contain chromosomes, but no sex chromosomes • Individuals who produce sperm have half the number of chromosomes than individuals who produce eggs . Changes in the environment do not affect sex determination Given this information, you predict that this species uses sex determination. O XX/XO O parthenogenesis O non-chromosomal O haplo-diploid
- In Drosophila virilis, somatic cell nuclei contain 12 chromosomes while sperm nuclei contain only 6 chromosomes. How many chromosomes present at metaphase I? 3 12 24If red vizcacha rats (Tympanoctomys barrerae) have 100 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes in each of their diploid somatic cells, then they must have: only 102 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells only 100 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells only 52 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells only 51 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells only 50 chromosomes in their haploid germ cellsDrosophila melanogaster has four pairs of chromosomes. Sperm for this species are formed by a meiotic process in which homologous chromosomes pair and segregate but do no undergo crossing over. How many genetically different kinds of sperm could be produced by a drosophila melanogaster male? 416 256 64 8
- A mutation occurs in the bicoid gene in a female fly. What will result if her eggs are fertilized? 1.Her embryos will be normal if they are fertilized by a male fly that contributed a wild type allele for bicoid 2.Her embryos will be normal if the male that fertilizes her eggs also has that same bicoid mutation 3.All of her embryos will be disrupted irrespective of the genotype of the father 4.Her embryos will develop normally but the adults will be sterileOne reason that worker bees forgo their own reproduction to help their sister (the queen) reproduce is that female bees are more closely related to their sisters than they are to their own offspring. This quirk of genetics results from the fact that bees have haplodiploid sex determination, in which females are diploid, with a mother and a father, but males are haploid, developing from unfertilized eggs. Because males are haploid, they produce sperm by mitosis. Explainwhy haplodiploid sex determination causes females to be more closely related to their sisters than to their offspring.Give the phenotypic effects and chromosomal aberrations of the following syndromes/disorders: Down syndrome Familial down syndrome Edward syndrome Patau syndrome Cri-du-chat Drosophila Martine-Bell/Fragile X syndrome