A gill lice infection will have negative effects on the gills, but no other physiological processes in the fish. Question options: True False Fish suffering from a gill lice infection likely experience reduced blood oxygen levels. Question options: True False The amount of surface area in gill filaments suggests a primary function that has to do with temperature regulation. Question options: True False The gill filaments are thin, finger-like structures that are covered in tiny blood vesselscalled capillaries. These finger-like filaments have additional feather-like structurescalled secondary lamellae (Figure 2, Figure 3A). Oxygen from the water diffusesacross the thin walls of the capillaries and into the fish's bloodstream, while carbondioxide from the fish's metabolism diffuses out of the bloodstream and into thewater.gill archskeletongillfilamentskeletongillarchsssbranchial arteriolespeperwithafferentarteriolegillfilamentsgilllamellaeblood flowefferentarterioleFigure 2. Diagram depicting the cross-sectional anatomy of a fish gill arch, with bloodvessels and gill filaments, each with secondary lamellae to maximize surface area foroptimal oxygen uptake during aquatic respiration. Figure 2. Diagram depicting the cross-sectional anatomy of a fish gill arch, with bloodvessels and gill filaments, each with secondary lamellae to maximize surface area foroptimal oxygen uptake during aquatic respiration.When gill lice attach to the filaments, they obstruct the flow of water over the gills,cause inflammation and damage to this gill tissue. This inflammation caused can alsolead to a build-up of mucus in the filaments and lamellae (See Figure 3B for an imageof lamellae during an infection).ABFigure 3. Comparison of gill lamellae in a healthy fish (A) versus an infected fish withinflamed lamellae (B), highlighting the detrimental effects of infection on these keystructures responsible for efficient gas exchange in aquatic environments.

Gills are respiratory organs found in fish and other aquatic animals that extract dissolved oxygen…

A gill lice infection will have negative effects on the gills, but no other physiological processes in the fish. Question options: True False Fish suffering from a gill lice infection likely experience reduced blood oxygen levels. Question options: True False The amount of surface area in gill filaments suggests a primary function that has to do with temperature regulation. Question options: True False

A gill lice infection will have negative effects on the gills, but no other physiological processes in the fish. Question options: True False Fish suffering from a gill lice infection likely experience reduced blood oxygen levels. Question options: True False The amount of surface area in gill filaments suggests a primary function that has to do with temperature regulation. Question options: True False

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter39: The Respiratory System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1VCQ: Figure 39.7 Which of the following statements about the mammalian respiratory system is false? When...

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a) Gill lice infections result in lowered surface area to volume ratios in fish gill structure. True False Levels of carbon dioxide in the blood will not differ between infected and uninfected fish. Question options: True False The branched nature of capillaries in fish gills increases surface area, and thus the efficiency of exchange into/out of the blood stream lation. Question opti True False
Figure 39.7 Which of the following statements about the mammalian respiratory system is false? When we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea. The bronchioles branch into bronchi. Alveolar ducts connect to alveolar sacs. Gas exchange between the lung and blood takes place in the alveolus.
Neither cnidarians nor turbellarians possess a circulatory system. For most large, active animals, this would pose a (fatal) problem. Describe and discuss the features of large active cnidarians ands turbellarians that allow them to respire, nourish their cells, and excrete despite the absence of a conventional circulatory system.
You receive animal care and use committee approval to catch a fish, prop open its operculum (gill cover), tie a string around its tail, and tow it backwards through the water for experimental purposes. The fish is then released unharmed. This action forces water to flow backwards over the gill filaments and in between the gill lamellae. What effect would this backwards water flow have on respiration? It would reduce efficiency of gas exchange between water and blood The only effect would be due to the fish's discomfort from this treatment. O It would improve efficiency of gas exchange between water and blood
Respiratory System of a bivalve: Mytilus/Mussles Parameter Identification/Description/Enumeration Number of gill(s) Position/location of the gills Type of gill (according to the arrangement and structure of the gill filaments) Points of entry and exit of water to and from the mussel Functions of the gill(s)
Swim bladders in fish and lungs in terrestrial animals have a common evolutionary origin, but have evolved to perform different functions. What is the primary function of swim bladders in fish? They serve as buoyancy control organs. They filter toxins from the water. They allow fish to absorb most of their oxygen. They help in the digestion of food.
If fish do not add or remove air from their air bladders the volume of their air bladders _____ when they descend from the surface to greater depths. increases decreases stays they same depends on whether they are physoclistous or physostomous
O The toxin causes inappropriate firing of neurons leading to periods of rapid twitching that infected individuals experience as summation leading to tetanus. QUESTION 6 Mammalian lungs are very different in structure compared to amphibian lungs. The lungs of mammals have highly complex branching patterns of airways. The lungs of amphibians are simpler and more sac-like. Over all, the lungs of mammals are capable of much greater rates of gas exchange compared to amphibians. Why is this? O The more complex structure provides more surface area across which gas exchange can occur. O A complex structure means that gases have more contact time with gases compared to a simpler structure. O Mammalian lungs are usually much bigger relative to their bodies compared to amphibian lungs. O The respiratory membranes of mammals are able to diffuse gases across them much faster than amphibians. QUESTION 7 Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. P Type…
O The toxin causes inappropriate firing of neurons leading to periods of rapid twitching that infected individuals experience as surnmation leading to tetanus. QUESTION 6 Mammalian lungs are very different in structure compared to amphibian lungs. The lungs of mammals have highly complex branching patterns of airways. The lungs of amphibians are simpler and more sac-like. Over all, the lungs of mammals are capable of much greater rates of gas exchange compared to amphibians. Why is this? O The more complex structure provides more surface area across which gas exchange can occur. O A complex structure means that gases have more contact time with gases compared to a simpler structure. O Mammalian lungs are usually much bigger relative to their bodies compared to amphibian lungs. O The respiratory membranes of mammals are able to diffuse gases across them much faster than amphibians. QUESTION 7 Click Save and Submit to sve and submit. Click Save AL Answers to save all answers. P Type here…
If the frontal cilia of an ascidian pharynx were immobilized what would be the likely consequence(s) closure of siphons no mucus net spreading cessation of gas exchange cessation of the feeding current
SOURCE: Gills are the main site of gas exchange in almost all fishes. The gills consist of bony or cartilaginously stiffened arches that anchor pairs of gill filaments. In sharks, the pairs of gill filaments are separated by a fleshy septum. The numerous, minute lamellae that protrude from both sides of each filament are the primary sites of gas exchange; however, not all the blood flow in the gills is directed to the lamellae. "Nonrespiratory basal blood channels or venolymphatic simuses may carry a significant fraction of the gall blood found that resting rainbow trout perfused approximately 58% of their lamellae with blood. Trout in hypoxic (low dissolved oxygen) water or injected with epinepherine (eg. simulating stress or excitement) perfused more than 70% of their lamellae. Conversely, injections of acetylcholine decreased perfused lamellae to approximately 43%. These results indicate that rainbow trout can increase the number of lamellae that are used in respiration as the…
Describe two features of the gills of aquatic animals thatfavor diffusion of O2 and CO2.