9. Which test will be positive in starvation state in urine? A. Benedict test and heat coagulation test B. Heat coagulation test C. Rothera's test D. Heat coagulation test and Rothera's test
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- E. II, III, and V Which of the following preservatives cannot be used for direct wet mount ? 1. 10% formalin II. Schaudinn's fluid III. PVA IV. MIF V. SAF A.I and II B. Il and III C. III and IV D. IV and V E.I and VDifferentiate bilirubin detection in the urine using reagent strip testing with the following tests in terms of sensitivity and specificity. a. Foams test b. Smith's test c. Harrison's test d. Ictotest Tablea. Silver reduction test: What is the substance responsible for the color production? b. Jaffe’s test: To what is the color due to? c. Ammoniacal zinc chloride test: What compound is responsible for the color? What are the pigments normally present in urine? d. Sulfates: From what substance are sulfates derived? In what conditions is sulfate elimination increased? e. Detection of Chlorides: What is the normal amount of chlorides eliminated in 24 hours? In what forms are they eliminated? In what conditions is the elimination diminished and eliminated increased? What is a threshold substance? Is chloride a substance substance? f. Detection of Phosphates: What is a triple phosphate? When it is formed? What are the sources of the phosphates found in urine?
- Determine which reason/substance IS NOT directly related to the given urine analysis result. 1. Orange urine RBC Bilirubin Azo-gantrisin Pyridium 2. Black urine Melanin Homogentisic acid Melanogen Metabolite of phenylalanine 3. Strongly positive on Glucose (Reagent strip) D-Penicillamine Cecon Glycosuria Pregnancy 4. Weakly positive on blood (Reagent strip) Zonrox Chlorpromazine Hydrogen peroxide Hematuria 5. Pathologic milky urine Squamous epithelial cells RBC WBC Bacteria 6. Strongly positive for bilirubin (Reagent strip) Pyridium Chlorpromazine Chlorhexidine PhenazopyridineDetermine the interfering agent for each of the following tests. A. Ascorbic B. Barium C. Antibiotics D. Zinc oxide E. None 1. Benzidine Test 2. Macroscopic stool analysis - Color 3. Gmelin's Test 4. Macroscopic stool analysis - Appearance1. Evaluate these case studies and explore the testing that would be necessary to form a diagnosis. List any assumptions you make. Case A: Suprapubic urine sample from a 5-year-old female child who is brought to A/E with high fever and pain while passing urine. Microscopy shows the presence of pus cells. Casts are observed via microscopy. Case B: Routine sample from a 50 year old male. Microscopy shows the presence of epithelial cells. No pus cells/casts/crystals seen. Case C: Midstream urine sample from a 35-year-old female who presents to her GP with symptoms of pain during urination. Microscopy shows the presence of pus cells. No epithelial cells/casts/crystals seen.
- 1. Write the instructions that must be given to patients as regards the collection of stool specimen for occult blood test, including the dietary restrictions. 2. What is the most sensitive and specific method for the detection of occult blood? 3. Draw the microscopic structure found normally and abnormally in the feces.An 85 year old women with a history of diabetes mellitus and a broken hip has been confined to bed for 3 months. She has been complaining of aching muscles and her recent blood glucose result is 250mg/dL (Normal Range 70 - 100mg/dL) Urinalysis is with the following results: Color: Reddish brown Appearance: Clear Sp Gr: 1.020, pн 5.0 Protein: 2+ Glucose: 100 mg/dL (3+) Ketones: Negative Blood: Moderate Bilirubin: Negative Urobilinogen: Normal Nitrite: Negative Leukocyte esterase: Negative Microscopic exam: 0 – 2 WBC/hpf; few squamous epithelial cells/hpf Questions (3): A. What is the significance of the negative Ketones result? a. Increased fat metabolism b. Fat is not being metabolized for energy c. Starvation d. Patient has just consumed a high fat meal B. Glucose will appear in the urine when the: a. Blood level of glucose is greater than 180 mg/dL b. Tm (Transport maximum) for glucose in tubular cells is exceeded c. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded d. All of the above C. The…Give the following for Direct Fecal Smear A. Clinical Significance of the Test B. Patient Preparation Reminders C. Procedure for the Test D. Normal Values for the Test
- A child diagnosed with strep throat 3 days ago enters the clinic crying hysterically. The parent tells the practical nurse (PN) that the child screams in pain even with a light touch. The child is short of breath and anxious. Which manifestations warrant immediate intervention by the PN? A Red, hot, and swollen joints. B Pulse oximetry of 88% 02 saturation. C Slightly raised rash with ragged edges. D Heart rate 110 beats/minute.After tubes are centrifuged the serum or plasma should be a straw color. There are times that the serum or plasma is a different color due to either an underlying condition or an error in specimen collection. Define each condition and describe what the serum or plasma will look like. a. Hemolysisb. Lipemiac. Icteric 2. How would you proceed to resolve the errors?