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- Developing B cells that fail to make productive D to J heavy-chain rearrangements on both homologous chromosomes a. die by apoptosis in the bone marrow b. will rearrange heavy-chain loci multiple times until a productive rearrangement is made c. undergo clonal proliferation d. upregulate expression of transcription factors E2A and EBF e. fail to rearrange V to DJ.FceRI binds A. IgA B. IgG C. IgE D. Innocuous substances Aspirin reduces inflammation by acting on: A. Histamine B. Chymotryptase C. Leukotrienes D. Prostaglandins19. The following event does not occur in the germinal centers of activated B cells? A. somatic hypermutation. B. formation of memory B cells C. RNA recombination D. plasma cell formation 20. Features of T-independent immune response include? A. occurs in people that lack a functional thymus C. give rise to memory cells. 21 Thafall E. class switching B. production of IgG and IgA D. involve immunological synapse
- The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection In cystic fibrosis gene therapy, scientists propose the use of viral vectors to deliver normal genes to cells in the lungs. What immunological risks are involved in this procedure?Barriers to using pig organs in human transplantation are _____. (Select all that apply.) a. the transfer of endogenous pig retroviruses to humans b. that pig organs secrete high levels of cytokines that induce inflammation in humans c. that humans contain preexisting alloantibodies that bind to pig carbohydrate antigens on pig endothelium d. that pig MHC molecules stimulate strong xenoreactive T-cell responses e. that pig complement regulatory proteins do not inhibit human complement.5- ➖➖➖➖➖➖ is conjugated proteins. a. hemoglobin b. albumin c. histones d. globulin ‒‒‒‒‒‒‒. 6- Lowest antibody concentration in serum is a. IgG b. IgM c. IgE d. IgA ----- 7- When the degree of precipitate is Moderate that refer to of urine protein 200 mg/dl b. >20 mg/dl c. >40 mg/dl d. >800 mg/dl 8- structure, refers to number and order of all of the amino acid residues. c. Tertiary d. Primary a. Quatemary Secondary -➖➖➖➖➖➖ is formation of glucose from non carbohydrate sources. a. Glycolysis Glycogenesis c. Glycogenolysis d. Gluconeogenesis AMP + 2Pi + ------ Kcal/mol. c. 10.3 d. 11.3 9- 10- ATP a. 7.3 b. 14.3
- 18. You created a transgenic mouse in which all B cells express heavy and light chain of immunoglobulins specific to chicken ovalbumin (OVA). The mouse also expresses the gene for OVA in peripheral tissues (skin, liver, spleen, and gut). The phenotype of this mouse will be A. no naïve B cells B. no naïve T cells C. naïve T cells with reduced expression of OVA-specific TCRs on cell surface D. naïve B cells with reduced expression of OVA-specific BCRs on cell surface E. naïve B cells with increased expression of OVA-specific BCRs on cell surface14. Predominant cell types involved in the humoral immune response are: A. eosinophils. B. macrophages. C. neutrophils. D. B cells 15. T helper cells recognize which of the following? A. Exogenous peptide bound to class II MHC B. Native extracellular viral proteins C. Endogenous peptides bound to class I MHC D. Microbe-specific structures 16. How are cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells similar? A. Both require antibędy to be bound to the target cell. B. Both induce apoptesis in the target cell C. Both recognize peptide plus MHC class I. D. Both kill target cells lacking MHC class I. 17. Perforin and granzymes are used by which cells to kill target cells? A. CD8 T cells and CD4 T cells B. CD4 T cells and natural killer cells C. Natural killer cells and B cells D. CD8 T cells and natural killer cellsWhich of the following would inhibit the function of the JAK-STAT Pathway? Multiple answers A. Inhibition of protein import into nucleus B. The Ser/Thr kinase inhibitor Staurosporine C. Treat cells with Interferon D. Inhibitors of SH2 domain interactions E. Drug that causes dimerization of STAT3
- pattern recognition receptor is cell receptor on a. cytokine b. monocyte c. epitope d. A and B6. The function of allelic exclusion is an increase in the ................of antibodies?. A.sensitivity B. diversity C. specificity D. affinity E. magnitude 7. The specificity of antibody secreted by a B-cell may not be the same as that of the surface Ig of the clonal parent because of: A Class switching B Somatic hypermutation D Alternative splicing E DNA recombination C Allelic exclusionMatch the following conditions with the expected state of primary human cells grown in culture for long enough to allow > 30 doublings. High Levels of p21 Loss of telomeres Cells express high levels of temolmerase Express high levels of SV40 Large T-antigen A. Senescence B. Proliferation C. Crisis D. Crisis