(8) For each situation, solve whether collusion is sustainable using “trigger strategy" (infinitely repeated) NOTE: For each of these exercises, you need to calculate { 7. collusion > cheat > punished and see if the incentive compatibility inequality (condition for collusion to occur as a Nash equilibrium) is satisfied. 8a) Stage Game is Bertrand with Homogeneous Product; cost same as before but overall demand is Q(P) = 375 – 15 P and given & = 0.9 8b) Same as 4a) but given 8 = 0.5 8c) Stage Game is Cournot; Joe and Sarah have a constant MC P(Q) = 20 – 0.1 × Q where Q = Qjoe + Qsarah and given 8 = 0.9 8d) Same as 4c) above but given 8 = 0.5
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- (8) For each situation, solve whether collusion is sustainable using "trigger strategy" (infinitely repeated) 7 punished cheat> and see if the incentive compatibility inequality (condition for collusion to occur as a Nash equilibrium) is satisfied. 8a) Stage Game is Bertrand with Homogeneous Product; cost same as before but overall demand is Q(P) = 375 - 15 P and given 8 = 0.9 8b) Same as 4a) but given & = 0.5 8c) Stage Game is Cournot; Joe and Sarah have a constant MC P(Q) = 20 – 0.1 × Q where Q = Qjoe + Qsarah and given 8 =0.9 8d) Same as 4c) above but given 8 = = 0.5 8e) Try 4c) and 4d) assuming Sarah's MC = $5 but Joe's MC = $8. They both collude on Sarah's Monopoly Output.(f) Does GaterTools have a dominant strategy? Explain using numbers from the payoff matrix.(g) Identify the Nash equilibrium. Explain why this is a Nash equilibrium using information from the payoff matrix.(h) Suppose HandyBilt makes a credible commitment to GaterTools that if GaterTools maintains its price, then HandyBiltwill pay GaterTools $250. Will this offer result in a Nash equilibrium with different strategies from those identified in part(g) ? Explain using numbers from the payoff matrix.(a) Assuming that each fishery chooses fi ∈ (0,F), to maximize its payoff function, derive the players’ best response functions and find a Nash equilibrium. (b) Is the equilibrium you found in (a) unique or not? What are equilibrium payoffs? (c) Suppose that a benevolent social planner wants maximize the util- ity of both fisheries. In other words, the social planner solves the following problem: max w(f1, f2) = u1(f1, f2) + u2(f1, f2) (f1 ,f2 )= 2ln(f1)+2ln(f2)+2ln(F −f1 −f2). Find the social planner’s solution. (d) What are the fisheries’ payoffs if the quantities of fish they catch are solutions to the social planner’s problem? What can you say about the Nash equilibrium quantities of fish being caught as compared to the social planner’s solution? (e) If fishery j decides to follow the recommendation of the social planner, how much fish will firm i catch?
- (5) For each situation, solve for the Bertrand-Nash Equilibrium (differentiated Product). 5a) Suppose Sarah's constant marginal cost is $5 but Joe's is $8 Recall that in a Bertrand model with differentiated product, each supplier faces his/her own demand: Qjoe = 100 – 10 Pjoe + 5 Psarah Qsarah = 100 – 10 Psarah + 5 Pjoe 5b) Suppose Joe and Sarah have the same cost functions as earlier (constant MC of $5) but asymmetric demand functions Qjoe = 100 – 10 Pjoe + 5 Psarah Qsarah = 160 - 10 Psarah + 5 PjoeProblem 3. Consider the following game with three firms. First, firms 1 and 2 si- multancously choose quantities q1 and q2 respectively. After observing firm 1 and 2's quantities, firm 3 chooses its quantity q3. There is no production cost and the inverse demand function is p= 12 – (91 +2 + 93). (a) Compute the SPNE of this game. (b) Give an example of Nash equilibrium s* with s = 4 and s, = 6 , that is not subgame perfect. game theory question1. The market (inverse) demand function for a homogeneous good is P(Q) = 10 - Q. There are two firms: firm 1 has a constant marginal cost of 2 for producing each unit of the good, and firm 2 has a constant marginal cost of 1. The two firms compete by setting their quantities of production, and the price of the good is determined by the market demand function given the total quantity. a. Calculate the Nash equilibrium in this game and the corresponding market price when firms simultaneously choose quantities. b. Now suppose firml moves earlier than firm 2 and firm 2 observes firm 1 quantity choice before choosing its quantity find optimal choices of firm 1 and firm 2.
- q60c- Is the Nash equilibrium the best outcome for this problem? ExplainV2. Suppose two large countries are deciding whether to impose a tariff on each other. (a) Use a payoff matrix and graphs to show the payoffs associated with each of the scenarios; (b) Identify the Nash Equilibrium in a non-cooperative game. (c) How can a cooperative trade agreement change the equilibrium?Two rival companies competing in the same market need to decide their plans for future expansion of their stores. The Table below shows the possible outcomes of their mutually interdependent actions (payoffs are profits in £m) Giga Company Titanic Conglomerate No Change Refurbishment of existing stores Large Expansion No Change 30, 40 25, 35 15, 24 Refurbishment of existing stores 35, 30 28, 32 18, 33 Large Expansion 12, 22 18, 20 20, 25 The Nash equilibrium: (A) does not exist. (B) occurs when both firms choose Refurbishment of existing stores. (C) occurs when both firms choose Large Expansion. (D) occurs when both firms choose No Change.
- Кееp production $200 million $300 million Using what you know about the prisoner's dilemma, what would be the profit for Antel and constant IMD in millions? (cooperate Antel profit Antel profit is $20 million is $200 million Antel options IMD profit is IMD profit is $20 million $100 million Increase production (act independently) Antel profit Antel profit is $100 million is $300 million Antel profit: S million million IMD profit: S What would be the best collective option for both firms? Select all of the reasons Antel and IMD would make more profit at the original constant production level? соорerate Because overall demand for computer chips act independently will increase Because they can both charge more for the product at the given level of production Because it restricts the supply of computer chipsrituo? A. Identify the pure-strategy Nash equilibrium/a in the game below, and identify the Pareto efficient strategy combinations. (You may simply state these, you do not need to show how you derived your answer.) B. Identify the mixed-strategy equilibrium to the game. Show your work. You may use the equations from the "generic" 2X2 game if you wish. Doing it the long way is fine, however. C. State the payoff for each player in the mixed-strategy equilibrium. Is the mixed-strategy combination Pareto efficient? Player 1 U D 20 Player 2 L (10,15) (1,5) R (0,6) (1,6)Suppose Tasty Cakes is deciding its pricing strategy: it is debating whether to offer a single linear price for its sheet cakes or to offer non-linear pricing. Suppose on any day, it gets 2 customers–who are of Type A and TypeB with the following maximum willingness-to-pay for the cakes: Units Type A Type B 1 $100 $90 2 $75 $40 Suppose it costs $10 to bake each of the cakes. (a) If Tasty Cakes decides to pick a linear pricing strategy, what will be the profit-maximizing price it should choose? How many cakes will it end up selling and what will be its total profit? (b) If Tasty Cakes decides to pick a non-linear pricing strategy where it may offer a different price depending on the number of cakes purchased, what should be the profit-maximizing set of prices? How many cakes will it sell and what will be its total profit? (c)Comparing Tasty Cakes’profits in (a) and (b), explain IN WORDS why we see this difference in profits