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- A) Briefly describe the basic structure of phospholipids and explain how they can provide an effective barrier against the unregulated movement of molecules into or out of cells. B) Not all phospholipids are identical to one another. Describe two components (parts) of that can be altered to create variation between different phospholipids.Match the following terms (A to F) with the statements (i – vi) below by selecting from the drop-down menus. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A nonpolar covalent bond B polar covalent bond C ionic bond hydrogen bond E hydrophobic interaction F All of the above (1) Explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to each other (i) Important for self-assembly of membranes (iii) Important in large biological molecules (iv) Joins backbone atoms in fatty acids (v) Easily disrupted in presence of water (vi) Important for alpha helix and beta sheet formation in proteinsPhospholipid molecules were suspended in a mixture made up of water/oil. Describe the molecular arrangement that will occur and provide explanation for the arrangement of the molecules in the aqueous/oil mixture environment and its application in cell membrane functions
- The following is a block diagram for a glycerophospholipid where the building blocks are labeled with letters and the linkages between building blocks are labeled with numbers. ____________ 5. Which building blocks are glycerol residues? ____________ 6. Which building blocks are phosphate residues? ____________ 7. Which linkages involve an alcohol residue? ____________ 8. Which linkages involve both glycerol and fatty acid residues?a) Describe the structure of cholesterol and state the function in the cell membrane component. b) Describe the structure of a phospholipid and state its function in the cell membrane.Explain the different properties of the head and tails of phospholipids (polar, hydrophilic, nonpolar, hydrophilic)
- Match lipid descriptions in column A with the phospholipid types in column B. H is attached to the phosphate group bound to C3 of glycerol backbone An amino acid is attached to the phosphate group bound to C3 of glycerol backbone A primary ammonium ion is found in its structure A quaternary ammonium ion is found in its structure A. phosphatidylethanolamine B. glycerophospholipid C. phosphatidylcholine D. phosphatidylserineWhen phospholipids are carefully mixed with water they are observed to exhibit which of the following properties? a) Spontaneous organization into stable structures within the water environment, b) Orientation of the Phosphate parts of the molecule away from fatty acid (non-polar) environment of a bilayer, c) Hydrophilic orientation of the ionic section of the phospholipid molecules to the polar portions of the water molecules, d) All are true, e) None are true.When a small amount of oil is added to a beaker of water con phospholipids, the phospholipids will surround the oil droplets forming micelles. Draw several cartoon representations of phospholipid molecules (with a head and tails) to show the arrangement or orientation of phospholipids in a micelle.
- Define the following terms: a. solvation sphere b. amphipathic c. micelle d. hydrophobic effect e. clathrateSphingolipids are considered as phospholipids if: O The polar head group contains a single sugar (carbohydrate) such as glucose All sphingolipids are phospholipids O The polar head group contains a phosphate group The polar head group contains a complex sugar (carbohydrate) containg sialic acidDefine the following terms:a. lipid bilayerb. polar head groupc. hydrocarbon taild. integral proteine. peripheral protein