4. Write an appropriate set of four quantum numbers (n, l, ml & ms) that could be representative of a valence electron in each of the following atoms or ions. (a) Bi (m (b) Sr (c) Mo (d) Ru2+ (e) Eu
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- 11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).Predict the best choice in each of the following. You may wish to review the chapter on electronic structure for relevant examples.(a) the most metallic of the elements Al, Be, and Ba(b) the most covalent of the compounds NaCl, CaCl2, and BeCl2(c) the lowest first ionization energy among the elements Rb, K, and Li(d) the smallest among Al, Al+, and Al3+(e) the largest among Cs+, Ba2+, and Xe(D) Zr (Z=40) and Hf (Z = 72) 7. Which halogen has the greatest first ionization energy? (A) F (B) Cl (C) Br (D) I 3. The isotope "Zn undergoes what mode of radioactive decay? (A) Alpha emission (C) Gamma emission (B) Beta emission (D) Positron emission 9. What is the bond order of carbon monoxide, CO? (A) 1.5 (B) 2.0 (C) 2.5 (D) 3.0 50. Which statements about the Lewis structure of the
- Mixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1;1 molar ratio (usingliquid sulfur dioxide as a solvent) gives a solid ioniccompound of empirical formula GaSbCl6. A controversyarises over whether this compound is ( ) SbCl2 + ( ) GaCl 4 - or( ) GaCl+ 2 ( ) SbCl 4 -(a) Predict the molecular structures of the two anions.(b) It is learned that the cation in the compound has abent structure. Based on this fact, which formulationis more likely to be correct?5.) Electron Configurations for Ions: Supply the ground state electron configurations for the following ions. You many use the short-hand notation (e.g. Na*: [He]2s 2p°). (a) N (b) Mg*. (c) O (d) Sc* (e) Sn2+ (f) Ar 6.) Formulas of Ions: Predict the formulas of the most stable ions of the following elements (a) Na (b) Mg (c) S (d) Al (e) Br (f) P7. Which element has the smallest first ionization energy? (a) Cs (b) Ga (c) K (d) Bi (e) As 8. Which element has the smallest second ionization energy? (a) Mg (b) Li (c) S (d) O (e) Ca 9. Which of the following sets contain all linear molecules? (a) H2S, HCN, CO2. (b) HCN, O2, CO2 (c) H2O, CO, Cl2. (d) H2S, CO, CO2. (e) BF3, Cl2, O2 10. The molecular geometry of SnCl3-ion is: (a) trigonal planar (b) T-shaped. (c) trigonal pyramidal. (d) Tetrahedral (e) see-saw 11. The geometry of the molecule SPC13 is best described as: (a) square planar (b) trigonal pyramidal (c) trigonal bipyramidal. (d) octahedral (e) tetrahedral 12. The O-S-Cl bond angles in O2SCl2 are expected to be approximately: (a) 90° (b) 109.5° (c) 120° (d)180 ° (e) 90° and 120°
- (b) List some properties of Group 1 elements which indicate they are all metals. (c) What valence do all Group 1 elements exhibit in their compounds? (a) Write the names and symbols of the elements of Group 2.Write the electron configuration for the monatomic ions formed from the following elements (which form the greatest concentration of monatomic ions in seawater):(a) Cl(b) Na(c) Mg(d) Ca(e) K(f) Br(g) Sr(h) FQUESTION 5 (31 MARKS) (a) (i) Draw a pz orbital and a d?-y² orbital. (4) (ii) What are the differences between a 5pz orbital and a 4d,- orbital in the H atom? (6) (b) (i) Draw the Lewis structure of methanol, CH3OH(8). (3) (ii) Show with a simple diagram how methanol dissolves in water. Explain. (2) (c) How does the energy and length of the carbon-oxygen bond in CH3OH(e) compare with the carbon-oxygen distance in carbon monoxide? Explain. (5) (d) Chemical bonds can be classified as polar covalent, according to and (3) (e) Chemical bonds can also be classified as single or number of according to the (2) (f) Draw the Lewis structure(s) for SO3F. Explain the structure which you have drawn. (6)
- Define the following phenomena with reference to main group compounds: (d) multicenter electron deficient bondingWhich of the following statements is true? (A) Because HCl is a strong acid, the bond dissociation energy of HCl is smaller than that of Cl₂. (B) The Cl₂ bond cannot cleavage by increasing temperature. (C) Yellow light cannot cleavage Cl2 bond, you can do it well by increasing amplitude of yellow light. (D) The electromagnetic wavelength required to cleavage Cl2 bond is greater than that to cleavage Br2 bond (E) The oxygen atoms are found easily far away from earth surface than it be found in earth surface.Mixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1:1 molar ratio using liquid sulfur dioxide as a solvent gives a solidionic compound with the empirical formula GaSbCl6. A controversy arose over whether this compoundis [SbCl2]+[GaCl4]− or [GaCl2]+[SbCl4]−.(a) Predict the molecular structure of the two anions from the two choices using VSEPR theory.(b) It is learned that the cation in the compound has a bent structure. Based on this fact, whichformulation is the correct one?
