3. In excitable cells, depolarization is most closely associated with which of the following events? A. Na* influx B. Na* outflux C. Ca2+ influx D. K* outflux E. Activation of the Na*/K* pump

3. In excitable cells, depolarization is most closely associated with which of the following events? A. Na* influx B. Na* outflux C. Ca2+ influx D. K* outflux E. Activation of the Na/K pump

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter38: Introduction To Animal Organization And Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9TYK

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Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

3. In excitable cells, depolarization is most closely associated with which of the following events?
A. Na* influx
B. Na* outflux
C. Ca²+ influx
D. K* outflux
E. Activation of the Na*/K* pump

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An 82-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room complain- ing of nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, and generalized weakness. Labo- ratory analysis reveals significant hyperkalemia. Elevations of extracellular potassium ion concentration will have which of the following effects on nerve membranes? a. The membrane potential will become more negative b. The sodium conductance will increase c. The potassium conductance will increase d. The membrane will become more excitable e. The Na*-K* pump will become inactivated
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4. What would happen if Na+ channels opened and stayed open?
A 38-year-old woman has a blood pressure 120/72 mmHg while supine and 118/78 mmHg while standing. Which of the following changes in the autonomic nervous system, when going from a supine to a standing position, most likely maintains stable blood pressure in this woman? vagal afferent activity sympathetic efferent activity parasympathetic efferent activity a. increase increase no change b. increase no change increase c. no change no change decrease d. no change decrease increase e. no change decrease no change f. decrease increase no change g. decrease…
The resting membrane potential results fromA. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane only.B. differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ onlyC. activity of the sodium/potassium pump only.D. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane, differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+, and sodium/potassium pump activity
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Depolarization causes: • Changing membrane permeability for Na • Changing membrane permeability for K Changing membrane permeability for Ca All of the above changes,
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