2. A 9-month-old child presents to the emergency room with a volvulus and required operative resection of the colon. The child lost a large percentage of the bowel and now has short gut syndrome. a. What vitamins and mineral deficiencies is this child most at risk for? What are the clinical manifestations you would see from these deficiencies?
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2. A 9-month-old child presents to the emergency room with a volvulus and required operative resection of the
colon. The child lost a large percentage of the bowel and now has short gut syndrome.
a. What vitamins and mineral deficiencies is this child most at risk for? What are the clinical manifestations you would see from these deficiencies?
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- 1. You learn that Mrs. Brown’s stools have been liquid, in very small amounts, and at infrequent intervals, generally occurring when she feels the urge to defecate. What additional data are important to obtain from her?2. What nursing intervention is most appropriate before making suggestions to correct or prevent the problem she is experiencing?3. What suggestions can you give her about maintaining a regular bowel pattern?4. Explain why cathartics and laxatives are generally contraindicated for people in Mrs. Brown’s situation.1. A 57-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department with complaints of acute onset of intense abdominal pain. On physical examination, the pain appears to be localized to the upper abdomen near the epigastric area and radiating to the back. While being examined, the patient experiences nausea and vomiting. The patient denies recent alcohol consumption and states that he has not been feeling well during the past few days. A. What diagnoses should be considered for the patient? B. What laboratory tests can aid in making a definitive diagnosis?A 49 year old woman underwent total gastrectomy for treatment of a bleeding gastric ulcer and recovered uneventfully 15 years ago. she is now at increased risk for developing which of the following disorders? a. diarrhea due to decreased vasoactive intestinal polypeptide production b. fat malabsorption due to decreased bile acid production c. fat malabsorption due to increased cholecystokinin production d. hypertension due to increased norepinephrine production e. megaloblastic anemia due to decreased vitamin B12 (cobalamin) absorption.
- 1. Male, 30 years old, with sudden mid-upper abdominal knife-cutting pain for 3 hours to see a doctor. Physical examination: total abdominal tenderness, rebound pain, and muscle tension. An upright abdominal radiograph showed free air under the diaphragm. It is speculated that the cause of the patient's peritonitis is: Subphrenic abscess Intestinal abscess Pelvic abscess Rupture of the spleen Gastroduodenal perforation 2. Male, 50 years old, had undergone subtotal gastrectomy for gastric ulcer 20 years ago. In the recent half a year, he had upper abdominal distension after eating, black stool in the past 2 months, and wasting and fatigue. Physical examination: a 6×5cm mass can be reached under the xiphoid process. The texture is hard and can be pushed, accompanied by light tenderness. The first diagnosis considered is: Ulcer recurrence Postoperative input loop obstruction Output loop obstruction Remnant stomach cancer Gastric emptying disorder3) Hamid Akbari is a 64-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus comes to your office with an ulcer on his left leg below the knee for the last two weeks. He has had ulcerations of the skin of his legs intermittently for several years that all resolved with local care and generally have not been painful. He said that this time his ulcer has been painful for the last two weeks and he feels weak and tired since he develops this ulcer. In physical exam, the ulcer area is erythematous, warm and tender. His temperature is 37.40c (99.3oF). a. Based on Hamid's clinical history and physical finding, what would be your diagnosis? What additional information/assessments may help to confirm your diagnosis?A. Match the following digestive system structures with their meanings anus esophagus  liver cecum gallbladder pancreas colon ileum pharynx duodenum jejunum sigmoid colon 1. Consists of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid sections - 2. Small sac under the liver; stores bile - 3. First part of the large intestine - 4. End of the digestive tract opening to the outside of the body - 5. Second part of the small intestine - 6. Tube connecting the throat to the stomach - 7. Third part of the small intestine - 8. Large organ in the RUQ; secretes bile, stores sugar, produces blood proteins - 9. Throat - 10. Lowest part of the colon - 11. First part of the small intestine - 12. Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and digestive…
- B. Gastrointestinal Tract Organs Write the name of the term that is described. balles 1. Its only function is propulsion 121 2. A continuous digestive tube from the mouth to the anus 3. Conducts both air and food 4. Primary site of nutrient absorption; is composed of 3 sections 5. Section of small intestine that receives bile, pancreatic secretions, and food from the stomach 6. Churns food and begins protein digestion 7. Has two sphincters that control elimination of feces from the body 8. Has regions called the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus 9. Has regions called the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal 10. Receives secretions from salivary glands; mastication occurs here 593A client has cholelithiasis with possible obstruction of the common bile duct. Beforethe scheduled cholecystectomy, nutritional deficiencies and excesses should becorrected. A nutritional assessment should be conducted to determine whether theclient: a. is deficient in vitamins A, D, and K b. eats adequate amounts of dietary fiber c. consumes excessive amounts of protein d. has excessive amounts of potassium1. Why is the new diet prescribed? (What is believed to be his problem?)Mr. Gutteman’s problem continues despite the diet change. In fact, thefrequency of diarrhea increases and by the end of the next day, he iscomplaining of severe abdominal pain. Again, he is asked some questions to probe his condition. One is whether he has traveled outside the countryrecently. He has not, reducing the possibility of infection with Shigella bacteria, which is associated with poor sanitation. Other questions: ● Do you drink alcohol and how much? (Response: “Little or none.”) ● Have you recently eaten raw eggs or a salad containing mayonnaise at a gathering?(Response: “No.”) ● Are there certain foods that seem to precipitate these attacks? (Response: “Yes, when I have coffee and a sandwich.”) 2. On the basis of these responses, what do you think Mr. Gutteman’s diarrhea might stem from? How will it be diagnosed and treated?
- 3. Celine, a postpartum woman who had a repair of her perineal laceration complained that she is frequently constipated. Which of the following is not done to relieve constipation? A. Eat fruits and vegetable (papaya, camote tops etc.) B. Eat plenty of high roughage foods C. Aerobics for atleast 30 minutes 3 times a day D. Increase fluid intakeDraw the Oral Cavity (lateral view) Label; parotid glands, sublingual glands, submandibular glands, hard palate, oropharyx, and soft palate. 2. Draw the digestive system or a block diagram that shows the differnet parts of the alimentary canal. State the function of each location and structure. Label; oral cavity, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon, transervse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal.. S is a 48 YO F who recently had an esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) that showed a lesion and a narrowing of the distal esophagus just above the lower esophageal sphincter. A biopsy was taken that proved to be positive for squamous cell adenocarcinoma. Mrs. S was admitted to the hospital for more tests with a plan for possible surgery. Her height is 5’6” with weight of 148 lbs on admission. Her UBW (usual body weight) was 175 lbs. Mrs. S’s physician decided to initiate chemotherapy in an attempt to shrink the tumor prior to surgery. The physician also consulted the surgical dietitian in order to start TPN as the patient could not swallow or have an enteral feeding tube placed due to the tumor. He ordered D5NS at 50 ml/h until the TPN was started. Calculate the total calories from protein and lipid. How many kcals will be needed from carbohydrate based on the patient’s total calorie requirement? How many grams of carbohydrate will be needed to meet the patient’s needs? Assume…