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- Which of the following are priorities in the acute management of DKA and HHNKS? Question 74 options: a) Long-acting IV insulin to correct glucose over a longer period of time and to prevent cerebral edema, neurovitals every hour to monitor neurological status b) Fluid rehydration, correction of hyperglycemia, monitoring and correcting electrolytes c) Mannitol or 3% saline to prevent cerebral edema as part of fluid rehydration, sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis, correction of hypokalemia d) Gradual fluid rehydration, aggressive correction of hyperglycemia, and correcting sodium levelsWhat are the other methods of detection for blood glucose determination? Explain the principle involved.Insulin lispro was given to a client at 0700 by a night nurse who needed to leave early. At 0730 the client is clammy and refusingb reakfast, stating "I don't feel well, I need to lie down," What is the nurse's action? 1) Check the blood sugar and convince the client to drink juice if possible. 2) Document the refusal and let the client sleep since. 3) Call the night nurse at home and tell her to come back and deal with the situation. 4) Wait to offer breakfast until the client feels better.
- Which is the most appropriate timing regarding the nurse’s administration of a rapid-acting insulin to a hospitalized patient? a )Give it 15 minutes before the patient begins a meal.b) Give it ½ hour before a meal.c )Give it 1 hour after a meal.d) The timing of the insulin injection does not matter with insulin lisproRapid-acting insulin enters the blood and begins to work within 10 to 15 minutes after given.a) Trueb) FalseWhat are the sources of errors in Glucose oxidase and Hexokinase methods? 2. Describe each of the following blood determination for glucose. a.) RBS b.) FBS c.) 2-hr PPT d.) OGTT Part 2 What makes HbA1c more ideal in diabetes monitoring than FBS? Enumerate and explain the techniques in doing HbA1c analysis.
- Extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications include: Question 48 options: a) Weight gain, obesity and increased prolactin levels b) Dystonia and tardive dyskinesia c) Anxiety and sweating d) Depression and sexual dysfunctionWhen calculating creatinine clearance using the MDRD equation (eGFR), which of the following factors are considered? Question 18 options: A) verification that the patient has been fasting B) identification of ethnicity C) body mass D) time of day of blood collection E) physical workout schedule of the patient84. A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of tingling in his fingers and muscle cramps. Tapping over the facial nerve produces ipsilateral contraction of the facial muscles. His serum calcium concentration is 7.2 mg/dL. Serum concentrations of vitamin D and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol are within the reference range, serum 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol concentration is 5 pg/mL (N=18-65). Disease in which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's findings? A) Bone B) Gut C) Kidney D) Liver E) Lungs F) Skin
- B) Discuss the requirements that reduce patient's discomfort while reading glucose level in blood?A 21-year old female (A.M.) presents to the urgent care clinic with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and a fever for 3 days. She states that she has Type I diabetes and has not been managing her blood sugars since she’s been ill and unable to keep any food down. She’s only tolerated sips of water and juices. Since she’s also been unable to eat, she hasn’t taken any insulin as directed. While helping A.M. from the lobby to the examining room you note that she’s unsteady, note that her skin in warm and flushed and that she’s drowsy. You also note that she’s breathing rapidly and smell a slight sweet/fruity odor. A.M. has a challenge answering questions but keeps asking for water to drink. You get more information from A.M. and learn She had some readings on her glucometer which were reading ‘high’ She vomits almost every time she takes in fluid She hasn’t voided for a day but voided a great deal the day before She’s been sleeping long hours and finally woke up this morning and…a patients bun is 50 mg/dl and his serum creatinine is 2.5 mg/dl .these result suggest A) patient was not fasting B) a laboratory error C) renal failure D) prerenal failure