1. If traditional breeding methods already allow an individual plant or animal to have the desired trait, what makes genetic engineering necessary?
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- Remember that although there are many interesting ideas about genetic engineering of plants and animals, this is specifically about GE bacteria. Please be sure you are answering the following questions: 1) What is the species that was modified, and what species did the introduced genes come from? 2) What is the purpose of the genetic engineering? What were people hoping to accomplish? 3) What are the benefits (or potential benefits) of the engineered bacterium? 4) What are the risks (or potential risks) of the engineered bacterium?Why is gene editing becoming a trend in modern genetic engineering? Provide a concrete example on your explanation. 2. Out of 4 presented methodologies in gene modification/editing, which do you think is the most promising in providing efficient result? Why do you say so? 3. What makes the species of Agrobacterium ideal for genetic engineering? Describe its characteristics and its role in producing transgenic plants. 4. In which of the following aspects do you think it is worthwhile to develop genetic engineering? Why or why not? a.) Agriculture and Food Industry b.) Medicine c.)Research d.) Entertainment 5. What are the possible bioethical issues that gene editing tools may encounter? 6. Do you think genetic engineers play God when they modify the genes of various organisms to enhance their existing traits? Why or why not?a. Discuss the genetic potential of the cloning of single genes, cells, organs, and entire organisms. Distinguish between plants and animals. Research for recent examples or studies, if any, to support your answer. You may also add the benefits/ usefulness of the results of those certain studies (if available). You can follow this format. Genetic potential of the plants In animals cloning of: a. Single genes b. Cells c. Organs 2 d. Entire organisms
- Remember that although there are many interesting ideas about genetic engineering of plants and animals, this is specifically about GE bacteria. Please be sure you are answering the following questions 3) What are the benefits (or potential benefits) of the engineered bacterium? 4) What are the risks (or potential risks) of the engineered bacterium?2) Transgenic animal refers to an organism whose genome has been altered by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed. Cows, pigs and goats had been modified especially for pharmaceutical purposes. Explain three (3) most used transfection technology for the creation of transgenic animals.To produce transgenic plants, plant tissue is exposed to Agrobacteriumtumefaciens and then grown in media containing kanamycin, carbenicillin, and plant growth hormones. Explain the purpose behind each of these three agents. What would happen if you left out the kanamycin?
- 1) Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Transposons can cause genomic rearrangements or genomic expansion compared to microsats, which are only associated with genomic expansion. Explain your response. 2) Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Since bone is a non-living structure, it would not be useful for genomic profiling. Explain.a. How do scientists apply the concept of linkage disequilibrium to identify disease alleles? b. Which specific phrase is used when such markers are identified by restriction endonucleases and a particular set of DNA fragments is generated?It has been suggested that it would make the study of human diseases easier if cloned transgenic animals were produced that carried faulty versions of human genes (e.g., the gene that causes cystic fibrosis). a. Why would such animals be useful in medical research? : b. What ethical questions are raised by the creation of such transgenic animals?
- 1. Choose the phrase from the right column that best fitsthe term in the left column.a. transformation 1. requires supplements in medium forgrowthb. conjugation 2. a method for mutagenizing genes inbacterial genomesc. transduction 3. small circular DNA molecule that canintegrate into the chromosomed. lytic cycle 4. the core genes that define a bacterialspecies plus all of the genes unique toindividual strainse. lysogeny 5. transfer of DNA requiring directphysical contactf. episome 6. integration of phage DNA into thechromosomeg. auxotroph 7. infection by phages in which lysis ofcells releases new virus particlesh. pangenome 8. transfer of naked DNAi. gene targeting 9. transfer of DNA between bacteria viavirus particlesGenetically modified foods are products produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering. Golden rice, Flavr Savr tomatoes and Roundup Ready soyabeans are products of this technology. Discuss the advantages of these three genetically modified crops. Name ONE (1) strategy to produce transformed plant cells.For each of the following scenarios, indicate YES (it is cloning) or NO (it is not cloning). 6. ___________ Sperm taken from a male goat is combined with a female's egg in a petri dish. The resulting embryo is implanted into the female's uterus to develop 7. ___________ A sheep embryo, composed of 16 cells, is removed from the mother's uterus and separated into individual cells. Each cell is allowed to multiply, creating 16 separate embryos, which are then implanted in different female sheep to develop to maturity. 8. ___________ A cow with many desirable traits is stimulated with hormones to produce a number of egg cells. Each of these eggs is fertilized and implanted into a surrogate mother. 9. ___________ Cell nuclei from a recently deceased dog are placed into enucleated egg cells from another female dog. These egg cells are then placed into the uterus of an additional female surrogate dog, where it grows into a puppy.