1. Analyze Are any of Jerry's sibling homozygous for the sickle cell trait? Are any of Jerry's siblings heterozygous for sickle cell discase? 2. Analyze What genotype is Jerry's father? 3. Analyze What genotypes are Jerry's grandparents? 4. Infer What is the genotype of Jerry's mother? Explain.
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- BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease is caused by a change in the gene for hemoglobin, which is the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. Individuals who are homozygous for the sickle cell trait often cannot endure exercise. Individuals who are heterozygous for the trait can have sickle cell attacks under extreme conditions. Normal individuals (genotype: Hbnorm Hbnorm ) have only normal hemoglobin. Homozygous sickle cell individuals (genotype: Hbsc Hbsc ) 'have only sickle cell hemoglobin. Heterozygous individuals (genotype: Hbnorm Hbsc ) have both normal and sickle cell hemoglobin. terry Smith collapsed while running a race for his track team. A doctor said he had a sickle cell attack. Genetic tests were run on several family members. The test results are shown below. An X indicates that form of hemoglobin in red blood cells. PROBLEM: How can you determine the genotypes of people in a family? Subject Normal Hemoglobin Sickle Cell Hemoglobin Jerry Jerry's brother Jerry's younger…Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia onthe other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this traitdie prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remainnormal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-hairedlady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. a. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain. b. If it turned out that the lady is a carrier and the man has normal RBC, what would be their COMPLETE genotypes? Male genotype:_________________________________Female genotype: ______________________________ c. Based on their…Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia onthe other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this traitdie prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remainnormal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-hairedlady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. a. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain. b. If it turned out that the lady is a carrier and the man has normal RBC, what would be their COMPLETE genotypes? Male genotype:_________________________________Female genotype: ______________________________ c. Based on their…
- Sickle anemia is a favorable mutation. There is only one amino acid different in sickle haemoglobin (S) as compared with normal haemogloblin (A). Persons with sickle cell trait (AS) are able to survive in malarious areas. A couple each having sickle cell trait have five children. What is the probability that they will have a child with sickle disease?What is the difference between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait? Select all that apply. people with sickle cell trait do not exhibit serious side effects; people with sickle cell disease exhibit all symptoms of sickle cell anemia people with sickle cell disease do not exhibit serious side effects; people with sickle cell trait exhibit all symptoms of sickle cell anemia people with sickle cell trait carry one gene for sickle cell anemia; people with sickle cell disease carry two genes for sickle cell anemia Opeople with sickle cell trait carry two genes for sickle cell anemia; people with sickle cell disease carry one gene for sickle cell anemia people with sickle cell disease may pass sickle cell anemia to their offspring; people with sickle cell trait cannot pass sickle cell anemia to their offspring people with sickle cell trait may pass sickle cell anemia to their offspring; people with sickle cell disease cannot pass sickle cell anemia to their offspringWhat is the frequency of sickle cell disease (anemia)? https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/sickle-cell-disease#inheritance https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/traits.html
- Explain the differences between an individual homozygous for the sickle hemoglobin allele (HbS/HbS) and one who is heterozygous (HbA/HbS). Consider the hemoglobin molecule, cells, and disease.Sickle cell anemia is an inheritable red blood cell disorder that results in sickle-shaped red blood cells. The sickle-shaped red blood cells can stick to blood vessel walls and cause a blockage or slow the movement of blood throughout the body. Individuals who are heterozygous produce both normal and sickle-shaped red blood cells which gives them resistance to malaria but they do not develop sickle cell anemia (so heterozygotes are unaffected on the pedigree).Let HbS be the allele for sickle cell anemia and let HbA be the allele for normal red blood cells. Which of the following rows provides the correct genotypes for individuals I-2, I-4, II-1, and III-1? Select one: a. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbA_ HbAHbS HbAHbS HbA_ b. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbA_ HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS c. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS d. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbAHbA HbAHbA HbAHbA HbAHbAThe pedigree for Queen Victoria of England, acarrier of hemophilia A, shows the transmission tosome of her descendants, including members ofmany royal families in Europe, such as Russia andSpain, but not Germany. Hemophilia A does notaffect anyone in the present British royal family.Can you explain why hemophilia A hasdisappeared from one family and appeared inothers?
- Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia on the other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this trait die prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remain normal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-haired lady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain.Sickle cell anemia is caused by an individual carrying two recessive copies of the hemoglobin gene (hemoglobin gene is labeled Hb, and the recessive version is Hbs). Thus, to have sickle cell anemia, a person must have the genotype HbSHbS. A person that is HbAHbA carries two copies of the normal hemoglobin gene and does not have sickle cell anemia. A person that is heterozygous (HbAHbS) produces enough normal hemoglobin to not have sickle cell anemia but is also resistant to malaria. People that are heterozygous are called “carriers” because they carry the recessive allele but do not express the recessive phenotype. a. A couple are both resistant to malaria but do not have sickle cell anemia. Draw a Punnett square to represent this cross. b. What is the probability that the couple has three children where one child does not have a recessive allele, one child is resistant to malaria and does not have sickle cell anemia, and one child has sickle cell anemia?Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted amonghumans by mosquitoes.4. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased