Crime And Crime Prevention Programs

Defining the crime problem is a vital step in controlling crime. Crime is undoubtedly a significant and pricey societal problem but we cannot target the problem without first defining it. There is no one identical solution to crime, instead it is based on a piece by piece basis. Strategies to target crimes need to target larger geographical areas, sometimes entire states. In addition, for a strategy to be successful in controlling a crime it cannot be too vague or extremely specific to an index crime. An example of a crime a law should target is: drug sales in a problem neighborhood or rapes at a city park. –Chapter 1 Page

Crimes exist from ages, even though countries have enforced laws and punished those who commit crimes. Countries also increased the size of the police as well as the law enforcement, but still people violates the law. When watching a TV, or reading a newspaper, it is really impossible not to hear or read about crimes including murder, robbery, abusing, or any violent act. With the increasing of crimes, criminals, and the evidence, therefore “Herbert Packer (1968) described two fundamental criminal justice models: the crime control model, and the due process model” (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2015), in order to protect the citizens from the lawbreakers and to receive justices. There are a pros and cons of each model that will be discussed in this essay.

Chicago is a major city with a huge amount of crime and this paper will address crime reduction and prevention in this particular city. It will also address other issues such as; assisting victims, preventing crime, and achieving effective justice. This paper will address the effect that criminological theories and research have had on contemporary and historical crime control policies in Chicago. It will include theoretical rationale for the recommendations that are suggested. Chicago needs more help in these areas because of the amount of crime they are seeing.

Situational and social approaches to crime prevention are both proactive where they anticipate and prevent crime but are different in the way on how crime is prevented, each having their own strength and weaknesses. In this essay, I will briefly talk about what is crime prevention and how situational and social approaches are derived, followed by providing a critical comparison of situational and social approaches by first explaining what is situational and social approaches to crime prevention, the differences between the two approaches, their strength and weaknesses and lastly, to show understanding that besides situational and social approach, there are other approaches to crime prevention.

This paper will examine the concepts of a new criminal justice. It will also discuss why the concept requires the involvement of the entire community and why it may be difficult to implement. There will also be information on programs that promote safe neighborhoods and why communities may like and dislike these different programs.

To begin with, criminal justice is a system that is designed to maintain social control, which means it is a necessary aspect of every society since “Laws are the conditions under which independent and isolated men united to form a society” (Beccaria, 1764: 16). In order words, crime control deals with the methods that are taken by a society to reduce its crime. As a matter of fact, there are various crime control strategies from community policing to risk assessments. In addition to the different tactics for controlling crime, there are several theories that not only attempt to explain the causes of crime, but also outline different ways to handle offenders; for example, deterrence, rehabilitation, and even retribution.

Within the Criminal Justice system, comes a structure of both practices as well as organizations that main role is to uphold not only social jurisdiction, but to discourage and diminish criminal activity. The Criminal Justice system also sanctions those who violate the laws of the land with penalties and reintegration of the criminals into society. In the United States, our policy has been guided by the 1967 President 's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, which issued a ground-breaking report 'The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society ' (President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice [Presidents Commission], 1967).

Summary: This chapter discusses the seven secondary defenses applied to crime after detection. These seven defenses can be split into two categories: discourage and oppose. The four ways which potential victims discourage their attackers: movement away from adversary, communicate ability to escape, distraction, feigns, and startles, and symbiotic protection. The three methods for quick opposition upon attack are chemical and weapon defense, sudden weaponry, and emergency social defense.

For the past decades, the United State criminal justice system have gone through many changes. As police departments grown so do the crimes in our communities. Law enforcements officers and few scholars have tried to figure out the cause of crimes. Moreover, what need to be done to reduce limit crimes in urban neighborhoods across the United states.

The central idea of the book focuses on practical ideas and specific crime problems and what to do about each. Although this book covers various topics, I am going to discuss the big crime problems and how to reduce each crime problem.

Imagine living in a carefree world, it’s impossible but with the criminal justice system enacting laws to forbid illegal activity, crime has lessened nationwide. Several categories of crime such as guns, drugs, and organized crimes spark major concern. Crime has existed since human conscience was active. Gun violence is the illegal use of a firearm. Drug crimes are executed by one whom obtains, produces, and allots illegal substances. Organized crimes have several components, one that involves firearms, drugs, and the exchange of human beings for self-gain. This professional crime threatens the tranquility within our society, defies our rights as a human, and weakens all social and economic classes nationwide. Thanks to state-established programs, an extensive amount of crimes, globally, are eliminated, resulting in fewer criminals among the community. Numerous policies were formed to prevent the distribution of firearms and criminal gun crimes such as homicide. The Organized Crime Convention provides states a certain plan to battle organized crime. Crime has marked our history, and unfortunately, it will continue in the future. The criminal justice system is society’s response towards any violation of cultural norms. Advanced forensic procedures, together with the amount of news given by the public allows an offender to be tracked down. New and improved forensic technology aids scientists and investigators to conclude their ongoing criminal investigation. The criminal

Over the course of this essay we have discussed crime prevention programs, theories and the results of such programs. As a society it is incumbent upon the citizenry to be conscience of what goes on in they’re communities and to assist our law enforcement professional in any way possible to deter and reduce crime and its effects on our well being.

Situational crime prevention constitutes primary crime prevention measure. This is to say that it is aimed at deterring crime before it occurs. Situational prevention, like other similar primary prevention measures, focuses on subduing crime opportunities instead of the attributes of criminals or even potential criminals. It seeks to curtail opportunities for certain groups of crime by increasing the risks and difficulties associated with them and significantly reducing the rewards. Situational prevention is made up of three key elements: a sound theoretical framework, an authoritative methodology for dealing with specific crimes, and a collection of opportunity-reducing approaches (Felson & Clarke, 1997).

The Agency that was interviewed was The Neighborhood Watch Program from The El Paso Police Department Northeast Regional Command Center in El Paso Texas. The officer that was interviewed was Crime Prevention officer Jeffery Bell. The Neighborhood Watch is a community-based crime prevention program where neighbors look out for each other’s safety, property and homes. The program is based on the idea when residents, businesses, police officers and other community members look out for the safety of the neighborhood, safer communities are created and crime is reduced. It is best to participate by establishing and keeping open lines of communication, and working together to solve problems regarding crime and any other issue pertaining to the community. It is very simple and cost effective and keeps crime and fear out of the community and allows residents to be at peace, also brings residents of the community and police officers together as a team. (EPPD)

The focus of this paper will be based upon different crime prevention strategies implemented by members of the communities, local and government authorities.