Week 9 Tutorial: Ethics of Consumption (Assessed)
Readings:
Shaw et. al. (2013), Chapter 5: The Morality and Ethics of Consumption. Textbook Reading: Why Do We Consume So Much, by Juliet Schor, pp.258-66.
Task for students
Once you have read the textbook chapter and the Reading, answer discussion questions 1, 3- 5 (ignore questions 2 and 6).
Q1. Who is the “we” in the question “Why do we consume so much?” Is Juliet Schor correct that “there is increasingly little that we do which is not a consumption experience”? And that we have become a culture of excessive consumption? Explain your answers.
The “we” in the question “why do we consume so much?” is stands for the majority of Americans those whose basic needs are met, who have
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Also, the income that people earned determines the level of consumption. The more they earned, the more or luxury goods they are able to purchase.
I do not agree that working long hours encourages people to consume more. I have some working experiences before. After working for the whole day, I felt very tired and I thought money does not come easily, so I would not buy as much as I earned. I would like to save it and buy wait until I think the price of the good I want to buy is acceptable and it is useful.
Q4. Schor refers to the second structural feature that creates too much consumption as “the ecological bias”. What does she mean by this? Do you agree with her that it is serious?
Schor means that people overuse of the ecological resources of the earth, which account for global warming, species extinction, ecosystem depletion, water shortages, deforestation and soil erosion. I absolutely agree with her that overuse of natural capital is serious because the rate of resource use, pollution, and ecological degradation exceeds earth’s absorptive and regenerative capacities. We are already beyond a sustainable relation with earth. If rest of the world lived like the Americans do, need an additional four planets to support this lifestyle.
Q5. Explain why you agree or disagree with Schor’s contention that consumption has become a social competition. How has the old
Producers are enablers. They encourage people to spend money on things they don’t need and aren’t necessities. Consumers are like drug addicts, they shop for things they don’t need and are constantly striving to acquire what they don’t have. “We Americans are beyond a simple, possessive materialism.” (Rose) Americans have developed a shopping problem. We buy things simply for the
It is commonly viewed that consumption is a very natural human process, which in fact we humans don’t see as a problem. The reality of consumption is simple; marketing that is leading towards destruction. This whole matter of consumption would not exist if it were not for prestige. With this process of consumption beginning to continue, the human race is becoming closer and closer to non-existence. The human race has just evolved into a world where individuals believe, or pretend, that the Earth's resources are infinite and that they will never be destroyed. That is where they make a vital mistake.
Consumerism leads to self-gratification and the loss of life’s important values such as friendship, love and religion; this is an ever-growing issue that manipulates and deceives society and has done so since the beginning of the technological age.
Throughout the novel brave new world consumption plays a vital role in their economic and political system. However the role consumption plays in the world state isn’t much different from the role consumption plays in our society. People may be encouraged to buy things in a different manner, but both systems end with the same product.
Throughout chapter 2 and 3, Schor condemns the notion of BAU growth and a higher GDP. She presents an “Ecological Footprint, Carbon Footprint, and Biocapacity” on page 60, and breaks down the basis of the “Environmental Kuznet Curve (EKC)” on page 73-75. Through the analysis of these figures, she
In this essay I will be outlining consumerism and claims that a consumer society is always a throw-away society. Consumption plays a big part in our lives and causes us to live in divided societies. It may make us feel like we fit in buying new gadgets and clothes and also give us that sense of belonging but we don’t take into account what happens to the old items and packaging. People do not want to look at the problems caused. I will use this essay with the evidence I have read
In this section Peter Singer's argument that humans spend too much money on items that are unnecessary will be examined and explained. In an interview Singer was asked the question, “what is morally wrong with me spending fifty dollars on a meal because I worked hard for that money?” In response Singer said that most of the people in the world no matter how hard they work, could not fathom spending that much money on a meal and that people who live in the 1st world take this money for granted as this expensive meal
In contemporary American culture, consuming is as authentic as it gets. Advertisements, getting a bargain, garage sales, and credit cards are firmly entrenched pillars of our way of life. We shop on our lunch hours, patronize outlet malls on vacation, and satisfy our latest desires with a late-night click of the mouse. The idea that consumption is private should not, then, be a conversation- stopper. But what should a politics of consumption look like?
“The American dream has also changed. ‘Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness’ has become ‘life, liberty and the pursuit of stuff.’” In today’s world, happiness has disappeared and has since been replaced with the need to buy. Many people believe that having many material possessions will bring them happiness. Often times people confuse their wants with their needs, which results in overconsuming. Consumerism is often supported by manufacturers who persuade their customers to buy the products. They become obsessed with this need to consume, which can result in a number of problems down the line. Consumerism can have a number of negative effects on a person.
When reading Schor’s essay, one cannot properly understand the author’s view on the issue until the very end. The first three paragraphs are purely descriptive and utilize a lot of questioning statements, which makes the point to be made a little hard to predict and leaves It up to the reader to decide on the final answer. For example, Schor opens her essay saying: “there is no doubt that the growth of consumption has yielded major improvements in the quality of life” (612). While the sentence works as a good attention grabber, it does not reflect her strong stand against consumerism. On the other hand, Rockwell uses his hook to emphasize his argument. He says: “I’m beginning to think that the epithet “consumerism” is just another word for freedom in the marketplace” (615). This sentence clearly states the idea he wants to get across: consumerism is not a bad thing. There is also other strong sentences throughout the essay that clarify Rockwell’s stand on the issue, which work as a reminder of the author’s point of view, and make the essay as a whole more
Chapter 6: This last chapter speaks of the various 9 methods that could be used to change ones’ life that is based on consumerism. She focuses on “The Diderot Effect”, this ensures that society follows conventions and strives for conformity. To avoid the disadvantages of this effect Schor believes
In the book by Zimring, I identified several points that are relevant to overconsumption. First, defining the word “consumption” as a “way of living” implies that it is part of our behavior. It is a habit of the most Americans to overconsume, therefore, individuals do not see the seriousness of the issue. Second, the evidence used portrays the problem of overconsumption in the past years and the misuse of the world’s resources. Third, I found very interesting how the book shows the economy as a contributor to overconsumption. Moreover, his argument is based in a capitalistic economy such as the one in the United States. In other words, we as a capitalist nation are the cause of overconsumption. Although Zimring argument is convincing, his solution and call for awareness will not be enough to solve the problem. We need more action to stop overconsumption.
That we consume beyond our desires, we consume for the present and worry about the consequences later. This suggests that consumer culture is dangerously pre- occupied with our own desires, that individuals fail to recognise the surrounding factors that are exploiting them on a daily basis.
It 's via consumption that society is able to grow; providing economic steadiness, numerous jobs, and services to the lots. Through the years, individuals started to eat now not simplest the items that they needed to are living, however, many extra luxurious goods to enrich their lifestyles (using disposable revenue). (The Open school, 2014). It may present protection and belong to people who are able to devour efficiently. Nevertheless, for those restricted by means of income, it could lead to a specified level of exclusion, for that reason dividing society. Nonetheless, it is not just revenue that impacts humans ' potential to consume comfortably. Reasons like age, mobility and ethical choices may additionally lead to exclusion, accordingly, being an inequality.
Consumption, we describe as the act of meeting basic needs with material goods and the practice of consuming as a way of life is ‘consumerism’ ( Kennedy 173). The ideology that the meaning of life is found in buying things has really caused majority to spend almost their monthly salary on goods and services in search of utility. This excessive recreational spending also plays a part in increase of inflation, also has made more money in circulation.