lab3post

The amines are organic weak bases which are nitrogen-containing. In the early days of organic chemistry, basic amines derived from natural sources were known as “vegetable alkali”, but they are now referred to as alkaloids. The study of alkaloids provided much of the growth of organic chemistry, phytochemistry and natural products chemistry. It remains a fascinating area of research. Please search for one naturally occurring alkaloid and provide  the following: Name of the alkaloid and show its structure. Identify using arrows the polar bonds in the structure Species from where it was isolated What was the use of this alkaloid in plants (if any)? What are the pharmacological, medicinal, or environmental uses or applications of this alkaloid (if any)?

the fragrant ester benzyl acetate is a naturally occurring compound in many flowers. The flavor and fragrance industry produces this compound by a reaction of benzyl alcohol with excess acetic acid, using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. Water is a co-product of the reaction. Provide the reaction scheme.

1. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing reactivity with sodium bicarbonate? Explain briefly -Ethanoic acid, Butanoic acid, Benzoic acid 2. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing solubility in water? Explain briefly. -Ethylamine, Diethylamine, Aniline 3. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing basicity? Explain briefly. -NaOH, Ethylamine, Aniline

Write the chemical equation for the acid dissociation of acetaminophen, C8H9O2N.   Write the Ka expression for the acid dissociation of acetaminophen.

b) Compounds in which the –OH of the carboxyl group is replaced by certain other groups are called carboxylic acid derivatives. The most important of which are acyl halides, acid anhydrides, esters and amides. Discuss the relationship between carboxylic acid, acid chloride and acid anhydride

How acid–base chemistry can be used to separate benzoic acid andcyclohexanol ?

11.27: Tell which is the stronger base and why? Aniline or p-cyanoaniline b) aniline or diphenylamine WH₂ |ال 11.30: Place the following substances, which have nearly identical formula weights, in order of increasing boiling point? 1-aminobutane, 1-butanol, methyl propyl ether, pentane

How will you purify benzoic acid that is contaminated with methyl orange? Give the step-by-step procedure and include the materials and chemicals required.

propanoic acid + methanol (in concentrated sulfuric acid)

An unknown compound is believed to be one of these three compounds (benzilic acid, propanoic acid, or cyclohexanomine). Explain how you would go about finding out your compound is ......., using solubility tests? Benzelic acid or propanoic acid or cyclohexanomineAn unknown compound is believed to be one of these three compounds (benzilic acid, propanoic acid, or cyclohexanomine). Explain how you would go about finding out your compound is ......., using solubility tests? Benzelic acid or propanoic acid or cyclohexanomine

Write out the steps needed to separate hydrocarbon A and carboxylic acid B by using an extraction procedure.

A student is given a mixture of benzoic acid, 3-nitroaniline acid and naphthalene to separate. The student dissolves the mixture in an organic solvent and adds HCl to the solution. Two layers form. Which component(s) of the mixture remain in the organic solvent? Group of answer choices -naphthalene and benzoic acid -benzoic acid and 3-nitroaniline -naphthalene and 3-nitroaniline -naphthalene

Need help determining the acidic and neutral components in an unknown sample. Have one of the following functional groups: Aldehyde Amine Ketone Alcohol Carboxylic acid Ester Phenol May have: Chlorine Ether Bromine Alkene lodine Alkyne Nitro Aromatic

Upon completion of a chemical reaction, you find you have a mixture of benzoic acid and ethyl benzoate. Propose a procedure to separate the ethyl benzoate from the mixture. You should look up the structures of benzoic acid and ethyl benzoate.

Phenol (hydroxybenzene) behaves as a weak acid. a) Write out the equilibrium equation for its partial dissociation in water. b) Write out the expression for the acid dissociation constant, Ka. d) Draw the conjugate base of phenol and show how it is stabilised by resonance. e) Compare and explain the acidity of phenol (p = 9.9) with that of: cyclohexanol (pk = 16.0) 3-fluorophenol (pK₁ = 9.3) 4-acetylphenol (pK, = 8.1)

Rank ethanol, methylamine, and acetic acid in decreasing order of acidity. Ineach case, show the equation for the reaction with a generic base (B:-) to give the conjugate base.

Explain why benzocaine precipitates during the neutralization.

You have an organic acid, organic base, and a neutral organic compound all together in a solid mixture. What steps would you take, in order, to isolate the organic acid?

Write the products of the reaction of diphenhydramine (a base) with the acid HCl shown below. Are the reactants or products more soluble in water? Briefly explain.

7. (a) for which of the following compounds is it hazardous to breathe dust/ vapor/ fumes: acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, acetic anhydride, acetic acid, phosphoric acid? (b) based on the boiling point or melting point of the compounds, which are you most likely to inhale accidentally? (c) based on GHS hazard information, which would be most dangerous to inhale? (d) of all these chemicals, which is most important to handle in a fume hood?

Write the chemical equation for a pentanoate ion acting as base when it reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCI). Which is formula of this rule of reaction?

Rank ethanol, methylamine, and acetic acid in decreasing order of basicity. Ineach case, show the equation for the reaction with a generic acid (HA) to give the conjugate acid.

Complete the equation to show how pyridine, C5H5N, acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in water. equation: C5H5N + H2O

Complete the equation to show how pyridine, C, H, N, acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in water. equation: C₂H₂N+H₂O=

The ionization of monoprotic organic acid with a Ka of 6.7 × 10 -4 is 3.5%.Calculate the molecular weight of this monoprotic organic acid if 100 g of it is dissolved in 1 L of water. Hence, suggest and draw ONE (1) possible chemical structure of monoprotic organic acid having the calculated molecular weight.

Select the stronger acid from   pair and explain your reasoning. For   stronger acid, write a structural formula for its conjugate base. Q.) CH3CH2OH or CH3C=(three sticks in equals)CH

Describe the trends in the physical properties of carboxylic acids, and contrast theirphysical properties with those of their salts.

draw corresponding skeletal structure (also called line-angle structures) and state what functional group is present. For the functional group please choose from the following as answer: ketone, amine, oxime, alcohol, ester, amide, ether, imine, thiol, enol, alkyne, (carboxylic) acid, nitro group, nitrile/cyano, acetal, hydrazone, acid anhydride, carbamate, and aldehyde. c) (CH3)2CHCH2CON(CH2CH3)2 d) C6H5CH2NH2

draw corresponding skeletal structure (also called line-angle structures) and state what functional group is present. For the functional group please choose from the following as answer: ketone, amine, oxime, alcohol, ester, amide, ether, imine, thiol, enol, alkyne, (carboxylic) acid, nitro group, nitrile/cyano, acetal, hydrazone, acid anhydride, carbamate, and aldehyde. a) (CH3)2CHC(CH3)2CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH b) CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3

Write the neutralization reaction occurring between benzoic acid and NaOH. What is the stoichiometry of the reaction?

Carboxylic acids are acidic enough to dissolve in both 10% NaOH and NaHCO3. Phenols, ArOH, are weak acids and most phenols will not dissolve in 10% NaHCO3. How would you separate a mixture of a carboxylic acid (RCOOH), an amine (RNH2), a phenol (ArOH) and a hydrocarbon (RH) using chemically active extraction? Draw a flow chart to illustrate your separation. Show each species in the aqueous and organic layers.

Explain how the acidities of alcohols and thiols is reflected by the element effect

Aspirin is the common name for the compound acetylsalicylic acid, widely used as a fever reducer and as a pain killer. Salicylic acid, whose name comes from Salix, the willow family of plants, was derived from willow bark extracts. In folk medicine, willow bark teas were used as headache remedies and other tonics. Nowadays, salicylic acid is administered in the form of aspirin which is less irritating to the stomach than salicylic acid. To prepare aspirin, salicylic acid is reacted with an excess of acetic anhydride. A small amount of a strong acid is used as a catalyst which speeds up the reaction. In this experiment, phosphoric acid will be used as the catalyst. The excess acetic acid will be quenched with the addition of water. The aspirin product is not very soluble in water so the aspirin product will precipitate when water is added. The synthesis reaction of aspirin is shown below: Actic anhydride 5 ml. Acetic acid Salicylic acid 28 Acetylsalicylie acid Procedure 1) Mix salicylic…

First, draw your chosen compounds including any non-bonding electrons and non-zero formal charges Circle and name any pH-sensitive functional groups. Choose an organic solvent that will dissolve both or your compounds and an aqueous solution (i.e. conc. aqueous NaOH, 5% aq. NaHCO3, or 3M HCl) that would successfully separate the two compounds selected.

Show the reaction and equilibrium expression for the basic dissociation of trimethylamine. Given that the Ka = 1.58 x 10-10 for trimethyl ammonium ion, use this to calculate the equilibrium constant for the basic dissociation of trimethyl amine. If the concentration of trimethylamine is 0.10 M, what is the pH of the solution?