When a CFC is broken down, the chlorine generated is a free radical, which has an unpaired electron and is highly reactive. It is sometimes shown as Cl. This chlorine can react with ozone by the following reaction CI + 03 > CIO + 02 The CIO is also highly reactive and can itself react with an oxygen free radical in the atmosphere: 0 + CIO → CI + 02 After these two reactions occur, a chlorine-free radical is regenerated. What can it then do in the atmosphere? Why are chlorofluorocarbons so damaging because of this?

Q: Plutonium-239 is a byproduct of the fission reaction used to produce energy in nuclear power…

A: Given data,Half life=24400yearstime=97600years

Q: Hydrogen peroxide and the iodide ion react in acidic solution as follows:

A:

Q: Tritium (3H) is used in glowing "EXIT" signs located where there is no electricity for lightbulbs.…

A: Provided half life of 3H =12.26 year Provided time(t)=65.2 years The rate constant when  half life…

Q: Consider the radioisotope ²²⁶Ra (half life = 1.60 × 10³ years). What is the first order rate…

A: Using the formulas of first order kinetics we can solve this problem.

Q: The vast majority (99.6%) of argon in Earth's atmosphere is 40Ar however the argon in the Sun is…

A:

Q: Although most natural potassium nuclei are stable K (93.3%) or **K (6.7%) nuclei, about 0.0117% are…

A: Potassium exists in nature in form of two isotopes : 1. 39K ; Abundance = 93.3 %  2. 41K ; Abundance…

Q: Carbonic acid has how many equivalents based on its H+ atoms? (this time you can write the chemical…

A: Since you have posted multiple unrelated questions, we are entitled to answer the first only.

Q: Tellurium-123 is a radioactive isotope occurring in natural tellurium. The decay constant is 1.7 x…

A: Radioactivity is a special property of some elements or substances by which they continuously…

Q: Strontium-90 is present in the fallout produced by nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere. Sr-90…

A:

Q: Write balanced equations for the decays of 11C and 15O, both of which are used in positron emission…

A:

Q: Americium-241 is widely used in smoke detectors. The radiation released by this element ionizes…

A: The activity for the sample can be described as the amount of the radioactive particles are…

Q: 12. The half-life for the decay of the Uranlum (U)Isotope to the Lead (Pb)2 Isotope Is 4.5 x 10…

A:

Q: The ratio between the number of tritium ({T; radio active isotope of hydrogen) and hydrogen in water…

A:

Q: Americium-241 is widely used in smoke detectors. Calculate the amount of americium-241 consumed in a…

A:

Q: Calculate the mass equivalent of the energy released by the complete combustion of 2 mol of methane…

A: Given that : Number of moles of methane used = 2 moles Energy released on combustion of 2 moles of…

Q: The half-life of Plutonium-241 is 9 years. How much of an initial 190 g sample will remain after 31…

A: The half-life of Plutonium-241, t1/2 = 9 years Initial mass of Plutonium-241, No = 190 g time…

Q: Radon, one of the noble gases, is a decay product of uranium and is itself radioactive, with a…

A:

Q: ) What fraction of a radioactive sample remains after one, two, and three half-lives have elapsed?…

A: Radioactivity is a nuclear phenomenon where nucleus of a heavy element undergoes spontaneous decay…

Q: Q1: If you know that the half-life of a radioactive element is equal to 20 days, find the following:…

A: Radioactive active decay generally follows a first order reaction and therefore, the rate of…

Q: 4He 4.00260 3H 3.01605 1.00783

A:

Q: Fluorine-18 is a radioactive isotope that decays by positron emission to form oxygen-18 with a…

A: The radioactive decay is considered as first order reaction. the rate law is given…

Q: The isotope 90/38 Sr is one of the extremely hazardous species in the residues from nuclear power…

A:

Q: The radioactive isotope 64Cu is used in the form of copper(II) acetate to study Wilson's disease.…

A:

Q: Technetium-99 is often used for assessing heart, liver, and lung damage because certain technetium…

A:

Q: Kinetics of Radioactive Decay 1. Plutonium-239 (produced in breeder reactors has a half-life of…

A: 1. Plutonium-239 (produced in breeder reactors has a half-life of 24,100 years. How long will it…

Q: 1311 is an isotope of iodine used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, as it is readily absorbed…

A: Given that half life of sample is 24 days.

Q: Consider the radioisotope 226Ra (half life = 1.60 x 10' years). What is the first order rate…

A: Given the question in half life of Ra is 1.60×103 years.  Calculate the rate constant of first order…

Q: Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The…

A: a) Dinosaur fossils are too old to be reliably dated using carbon-14. Suppose we had a 67 million…

Q: s the rate constant (in min−1) for the decomposition of fluorine-18?   min−1 (b) If a sample of…

A: Radioactive decay is first order reaction  Hence Half life = 0.693/k k-rate constant of reaction…

Q: The ratio between the number of tritium ({T; radio active isotope of hydrogen) and hydrogen in water…

A: Answers are explained below.

Q: Strontium-90 is one of the radioisotopes released in the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident. The…

A:

Q: The radioactive isotope phosphorus-32 is often used in biochemical research. Its half-life is 14.28…

A: Given: The half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.28 days. The mass of sample of K332PO4 is 118 mg.

Q: A nuclear power plant emits into the atmosphere a very small amount of krypton-85, a radioactive…

A: Given: Half life (t1/2) = 10.76 years  Total time (T) = 25 years

Q: Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The…

A: Radioactivity : Radioactivity is an extremely slow and dangerous process and happens when an…

Q: Choose the factor below that is likely to have led to the greatest number of mass extinctions.…

A: UV Radiation is the likely to have led to greatest number of mass extinctions.

Q: The graph below shows the rate of decay of the radioactive isotope K-40 into Ar-40 and Ca-40.…

A: The graph given is,

Q: Americium-241 is widely used in smoke detectors. The radiation released by this element ionizes…

A: Answer:- this question is answered by using the simple concept of nuclear chemistry which involves…

Q: Jania.20 Chapter 3 3.100 When 1.0 9 of gasoline burns, it releases gasoline 0.749/ML SI (3.4.3.6) A)…

A:

Q: The isotope 9038Sr3890Sr is one of the extremely hazardous species in the residues from nuclear…

A: Radio-active decay follows first order kinetics. The expression for rate constant : Half life is…

Q: ( in Hours) will it take to disintegrate 3.17 x1017 atoms from a 12.0 mCi ( millicuri

A: One of the common unit in which the rate of disintegration is expressed is Curie.1…

Q: The radioactive isotope I-131is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. When administered to a…

A: Radioactivity is the process by which the nucleus of an unstable loses its energy by emitting the…

Q: The natural radioisotope, radium-226 (226Rn), undergoes a radioactive decay where it emits an alpha…

A: All radioactive decay follows first order kinetics. So the amount after 5 days can be calculated…

Q: The half-life of element X is 500 years. If there are initally 8g of X how much will remain after…

A: The half-life of an element is the time it takes for half mass of the element to decay.

Q: Dinitrogen trioxide, N2O3, is largely dissociated into NO and NO2 in the gas phase where there…

A: In equilibrium, the forward reaction rate and the backward reaction rate both must be equal.

Q: atmosphere and animal life assimilates C-14 through food chains. When a plant or animal dies it…

A: Half life (t1/2) of C-14 isotopes = 5730 years  C-14 radioactivity today = 74%

Q: Americium-241 is widely used in smoke detectors. The radiation released by this element ionizes…

A:

Writing and Balancing Nuclear Equations

A nuclear equation is a symbolic representation of a nuclear reaction using certain symbols. It is studied in nuclear chemistry and nuclear physics.