Using the example from table 6.4 , calculate the mean numbers and standard deviation of the pousing the data in table 6.3 Is of the study.may be 10 m³ because of the size of the study species; in a rockyy. For instance, when determining Treeal zone, the quadrat may only be 0.25 m² because much smaller organisms are being studied.Quadrat surveys are useful in rocky intertidal areas because the majority of organisms located thereare slow-moving, attached to the substrate or plants.Scientists use a method of random sampling to determine where to place the quadrat whenconducting a survey. This prevents any bias affecting the data. The counts from each quadrat are thenaveraged to reach an approximate number for the entire area.Scientists were conducting a quadrat survey on a rocky shore in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They werespecifically investigating the abundance of leather stars (Dermasterias imbricate) and the Pacificblue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) along the shore. Square quadrats of 1 m² were used to measure theabundance in ten randomly selected locations (see Table 6.3).sample areanumber of leather 3stars in 1 m²number of mussels 20in 1 m-21549309847Table 6.3. Results of 1 m² sample area calculations.5412617100712488110921610932 0•Often scientists include standard deviation in their results when they analyse their data. Standarddeviations tell you how spread out the numbers in a data set are. The smaller the standard deviation,within a community. The equation for standard deviation is:the closer the numbers are to the mean. This can tell you, for example, how variable a population isThese symbols all relate to the different steps you need to complete to find the standard deviation.given in Table 6.3 is calculated as shown below.This equation can be broken down into stages. The standard deviation (S) for the leather star dataCalculate the mean value (F) for the leather star population:sample areanumber ofleather starsin 1 m²(x-x)²(x-x). So for quadrat 1: (3 - 7.1)² = 16.8.Then for each quadrat, subtract the mean (x) from its number (x) and square the result, giving you:Table 6.4 shows the results of this step for all 10 quadrats.I310215X = (3+15+0+8+4+17+12+1+2+9)1030S= Σ(x-x)²V #-14816.8 62.4 50.4 0.8549.661771298.0 24.08= 7,11Chapter 6: The ocean floor and the co92109meanTable 6.4. Working out the mean values for the leather stars.The next step is to calculate E(x-x) by adding all of the (x-) values. So, E(x - x)² = 328.8111Then, divide your value for E(x-x)2 by (n-1), where is the number of values you have(10, in this case). This should provide you with a value of 36.53.Finally, take the square root of your calculated value.• Using this equation, your standard deviation should be 6.04.7.137.2 26.0 3.61 32.9I a Calculate the mean numbers per m² for the mussels, using the data in Table 6.3.b Calculate the standard deviation for the population of mussels.2 Based on your knowledge of rocky intertidal zone communities, predict which quadrats wereplaced in the lower intertidal zone and which were placed in the upper intertidal zone.371572017-1171

The data on the 1 m2 sample area calculation are sample no of leather star in 1 m2no of mussels in…

Ut the study. ance, when determining tree one, the quadrat may only be 0.25 m² because much smaller organisms are being studied. 10m because of the size of the study species, in a rocky Quadrat surveys are useful in rocky intertidal areas because the majority of organisms located there are slow-moving, attached to the substrate or plants. Scientists use a method of random sampling to determine where to place the quadrat when conducting a survey. This prevents any bias affecting the data. The counts from each quadrat are then averaged to reach an approximate number for the entire area. Scientists were conducting a quadrat survey on a rocky shore in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They were specifically investigating the abundance of leather stars (Dermasterias imbricate) and the Pacific blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) along the shore. Square quadrats of 1 m² were used to measure the abundance in ten randomly selected locations (see Table 6.3). sample area number of leather 3 stars in 1 m² number of mussels 20 in 1 m² 2 15 49 3 0 9 47 Table 6.3. Results of 1 m² sample area calculations. 5 12 6 17 7 12 100 48 8 - 10 9 2 16 10 32

Ut the study. ance, when determining tree one, the quadrat may only be 0.25 m² because much smaller organisms are being studied. 10m because of the size of the study species, in a rocky Quadrat surveys are useful in rocky intertidal areas because the majority of organisms located there are slow-moving, attached to the substrate or plants. Scientists use a method of random sampling to determine where to place the quadrat when conducting a survey. This prevents any bias affecting the data. The counts from each quadrat are then averaged to reach an approximate number for the entire area. Scientists were conducting a quadrat survey on a rocky shore in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They were specifically investigating the abundance of leather stars (Dermasterias imbricate) and the Pacific blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) along the shore. Square quadrats of 1 m² were used to measure the abundance in ten randomly selected locations (see Table 6.3). sample area number of leather 3 stars in 1 m² number of mussels 20 in 1 m² 2 15 49 3 0 9 47 Table 6.3. Results of 1 m² sample area calculations. 5 12 6 17 7 12 100 48 8 - 10 9 2 16 10 32

Elementary Geometry for College Students

6th Edition

ISBN:9781285195698

Author:Daniel C. Alexander, Geralyn M. Koeberlein

Publisher:Daniel C. Alexander, Geralyn M. Koeberlein

Chapter8: Areas Of Polygons And Circles

Section8.5: More Area Relationships In The Circle

Problem 42E: A goat is tethered to a barn by a 12-ft chain. If the chain is connected to the barn at a point 6 ft...

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