The drawing below shows a mixture of molecules:keycarbonhydrogennitrogensulfurохудenchlorineSuppose the following chemical reaction can take place in this mixture:2 H, (g)+O,(g) → 2 H, O(g)Of which reactant are there the most initial moles? Enter its chemical formula:Of which reactant are there the least initial moles? Enter its chemical formula:Which reactant is the limiting reactant? Enter its chemical formula:

Concept: Limiting reagent: The limiting reactant In a chemical reaction is the reactant that gets…

Answered: The drawing below shows a mixture of…

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

8th Edition

ISBN:9781285199030

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter9: Chemical Quantities

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19CR

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list at least three quantities that must be conserved in chemical reactions.
3.84 The picture shown depicts the species present at the start of a combustion reaction between methane, CH4, and oxygen, O2. (a) Draw the resulting state after this set of re- actants has reacted as far as possible. (b) Use the drawings to explain the stoichiometry represented in the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane.
4.72 The picture shown depicts the species present at the start of a combustion reaction between methane, CH4 and oxygen, O2 (a) What is the limiting reactant? (b) Draw the resulting state after this set of reactants has reacted as far as possible.
Ethanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can be produced by fermentation of glucose. C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2 (a) Calculate the mass (g) of ethanol produced by the fermentation of 1.000 lb glucose. (b) Gasohol is a mixture of 10.00 mL ethanol per 90.00 mL gasoline. Calculate the mass (in g) of glucose required to produce the ethanol in 1.00 gal gasohol. Density of ethanol = 0.785 g/mL. (c) By 2022, the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act calls for annual production of 3.6 1010 gal of ethanol, no more than 40% of it produced by fermentation of corn. Fermentation of 1 ton (2.2 103 lb) of corn yields approximately 106 gal of ethanol. The average corn yield in the United States is about 2.1 105 lb per 1.0 105 m2. Calculate the acreage (in m2) required to raise corn solely for ethanol production in 2022 in the United States.
4.8 In an experiment carried out at very low pressure, 13x1015 molecules of H2 are reacted with acetylene, C2H2, to form ethane, C2H6, on the surface of a catalyst. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. How many molecules of acetylene are consumed?
Many over-the-counter antacid tablets are now formulated using calcium carbonate as the active ingredient, which enables such tablets to also be used as dietary calcium supplements. As an antacid for gastric hyperacidity, calcium carbonate reacts by combining with hydrochloric acid found in the stomach, producing a solution of calcium chloride, converting the stomach acid to water, and releasing carbon dioxide gas (which the person suffering from stomach problems may feel as a “burp”). Write the unbalanced chemical equation for this process.
3.81 The particulate scale drawing shown depicts the products of a reaction between H2 and O2 molecules. (a) Draw a similar representation for the reactants that must have been present before the reaction took place. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction, using the smallest possible whole number coefficients.
The carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.
Explain how an equation can be balanced even if the number of reactant particles differs from the number of product particles.
Ammonia can be formed by a direct reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2 NH3(g) A tiny portion of the starting mixture is represented by the diagram, where the blue circles represent N and the white circles represent H. Which of these represents the product mixture? For the reaction of the given sample, which of these statements is true? (a) N2 is the limiting reactant. (b) H2 is the limiting reactant. (c) NH, is the limiting reactant. (d) No reactant is limiting: they are present in the correct stoichiometric ratio.
Consider the unbalanced equation for the combustion of propane: :math>C3H8(g)+O2(g)CO2(g)+H2O(g) rst, balance the equation. Then, for a given amount of propane, write the mole ratios that would enable you to calculate the number of moles of each product as well as the number of moles of O2that would be involved in a complete reaction. Finally, show how these mole ratios would be applied if 0.55 mole of propane is combusted.
4.6 Use the web to research prices of gasoline at the pump for consumers in your area during the past year. Also find information about the price of crude oil for the same period. Discuss any correlations you observe between the two prices.

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