10.3. Suppose the production possibility frontier for guns (X) and butter (Y) is given by x² + 2Y? = 900 a. Graph this frontier. b. If individuals always prefer consumption bundles in which Y = 2X, how much X and Y will be produced? c. At the point described in part b, what will be the slope of the production possibility frontier, and what price ratio will cause production to take place at that point? (Hint: By using the approach in the numerical exam- ples in this chapter, show that the slope of this pro- duction possibility frontier is -X/2Y.) d. Show your solution on the figure from part a.
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- Question 6: Transitivity There is only one consumption good in the world (cities). Karen is moving – suppose that her preferencesover cities are described as follows: she strictly prefers city A to city B if either (1) the average rent in cityA is cheaper than in city B, or (2) the average rent is the same in both cities, and there are more goodrestaurants in city A than in city B. Are these preferences transitive? Justify your answer.1. Hatfield and McCoy hate each other. The only good they both consume WH W2 40 Mand McCoy's is whiskey. Hatfield's utility function is UH utility function is UM = WM-W, where WHI is Hatfield's consumption 40' Η of whisky and WM is McCoy's consumption of whiskey. The sheriff has confiscated a total of 60 litres of whiskey which he could give back to them or throw in the creek. Say that the Sheriff wants them both to be as well off as possible and weighs their "happiness" equally. How much whiskey should the sheriff give to each of them? Should he throw any whiskey in the creek; if so how much? =4. a. Consider a consumer with preferences defined over x and y. Demonstrate that it is possible theywould choose to consume some of both commodities when their income is I but would choose toconsume only x when their income is I’ > I. (Remember: if you can draw it without violating anyof the basic assumptions on preferences, it could happen.) b. Conversely, demonstrate that it is possible they would choose to consume only x when theirincome is I but would choose to consume x and y when their income is I’ > I.c. Finally, show it is possible that they would choose to consume only y when their income is I butwould choose to consume only x when their income is I’ > I.
- 1) Suppose that Abel and Eden spend their incomes on two goods, food (F) and clothing (C).Abel’s preferences are represented by the utility function U(F,C)=10FC, while Eden’spreferences are represented by the utility function U(F,C)= 0.20F2C2A) With food on the horizontal axis and clothing on the vertical axis, identify on a graph theset of points that give Abel the same level of utility as the bundle (10, 5). Do the same forEden on a separate graph.B) On the same two graphs, identify the set of bundles that give Abel and Eden the samelevel of utility as the bundle (15, 8).C) Do you think Abel and Eden have the same preferences or different preferences? Explain 2. Graphically show the effect of an increase in price of Coca Cola on the demand of PepsiCola 3. Assume a budget line is drawn for two commodities: X on the x-axis and Y on the y-axis. Ifthe income of the consumer is 120 Birr, the y-intercept is 3, and the slope of the budget lineis -0.5 then determined the price of commodity…5. Carol and Bob both consume the same goods in an economy of pure exchange. Carol is initially endowed with 9 units of good 1 and 6 units of good 2. Bob is initially endowed with 18 units of good 1 and 3 units of good 2. They both have the utility function U(x₁, x₂) = 1/3 x1³x2³. If we set good 1 as the numeraire (so that p₁ = $1), what will the equilibrium price of good 2 be?01. Suppose there is only 1 product in the economy and that's Pizza, whoever wants to pay for pizza can be able to enjoy pizza. There two people Chris and Phill. Both are willing to pay 150$ for this pizza, but with this amount Chris wants to have 2 pizzas whilst Phill wants to have 3 pizzas. Being a pizza supplier by which method you can determine their demands for pizza and how can you ensure the market equilibrium. Support your answer with graph(s).
- Figure 4.2 P3 P2 P1 A C Q Q2 Q3 Q4 Qs Qs Q7 Refer to Figure 4.2. The demand curve A indicates that O the smallcst price change will cause consumcrs to change their consumption by a large amount, O therc is no change in quantity demandcd as the price changes. consumcrs can purchase any quantity they want regardless of the price, Oithc smalcst price incrcasc wil.causc.consuners to switch to the producer with thc lowest1. Read carefully chapter 16 concerning general equilibrium analysis. Answer the following questions: In a general equilibrium analysis with two substitute goods, x and y, explain what would а. happen to the price in market x and y if supply of good y increased? How would your answer differ if x and y were complements? b. Can the utility possibilities frontier ever be upward sloping? Why? c. Explain how consumers in an economy can be made better off if the marginal rate of transformation does not equal consumers' marginal rate of substitution?1. Doug consumes two goods, electricity, e, and a composite commodity z. Doug has the following utility function: U = z²-e Last week, he clicked on a Facebook ad and got free solar panels put on his roof! Now Doug has solar panels on his roof that generate 50 units of electricity per day. For the going price of electricity, if Doug demands more than 50 units of electricity, he can buy more at that price. If he demands less than 50 units, he can sell the extra electricity (50 - his consumption) back to the grid, and earn the going price as extra income. a. What are his Marshallian demand functions for e and z? b. Currently, Doug's income is $100 per day, the price of z is $1 and the price of electricity is $0.50. How much electricity is he consuming and what is his utility? (note, the utility numbers may get a bit large). C Calculate quantity demanded for electricity and his utility if the price of electricity rises to $1. And then calculate the quantity demanded and utility when the…
- Answer the question based on the following graph. Which of the following statements is entirely correct? Tom's monthly budget constraint 40 •D E nts 20 Number of hamburgers per month O Point E is unattainable and Point D is inefficient. O Both point D and E are unattainable. O Point E is inefficient and Point D is unattainable. O Point A is inefficient and Point E is unattainable. « Previous Next Number of hot dogs per month1. Say that there are two goods in the world, books and video games. Say that we observed two of Jim's choices: he chooses bundle A from the budget set bounded by budget line 1, and the bundle B from the budget set bounded by budget line 2. video games B A budget line 2 budget line 1 books a) For each of the two goods, based on the diagram: is the good normal, inferior, or we can't say for sure? Is the good ordinary, Giffen, or we can't say for sure? Explain. b) For which of the two budget lines is the opportunity cost of a book higher and why? What does that statement mean in the context of this model?2) Two consumers R and S share an endowment (x, y) of goods X and Y. The consumers' utilities from consumption can be written as UR = aln(XR) + bln(YR), and Us=aln(xs) + bln(ys), where XR, XS, YR, and ys are the quantities which each consumes, and a and b are parameters, for which a + b =1. Write a report in which you a) Define the concept of the contract curve, and show that for these endowments, it will be the upward diagonal of the Edgeworth box, which shows all possible divisions of the endowment. b) Assume that in the initial endowment, XRE = XE and ysE=yE. R begins with the endowment of X and S begins with the endowment of Y. By setting up a constrained maximisation problem for each consumer, obtain their offer curves, and hence obtain the Walrasian equilibrium. c) State the two welfare theorems, and explain how they apply in this case.